Reduction of crystalline iron(III) oxyhydroxides using hydroquinone Influence of phase and particle size 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Reduction of crystalline iron(III) oxyhydroxides using hydroquinone Influence of phase and particle size 英文参考文献.doc

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Reduction of crystalline iron(III) oxyhydroxides using hydroquinone Influence of phase and particle size 英文参考文献

GEOCHEMICALTRANSACTIONS VOLUME6,NUMBER3 SEPTEMBER2005 Reductionofcrystallineiron?III…oxyhydroxidesusinghydroquinone: In?uenceofphaseandparticlesize AmyJ.AnschutzandR.LeePenna? DepartmentofChemistry,UniversityofMinnesota,Minneapolis,Minnesota55455 ?Received7January2005;accepted25July2005;published9September2005? Ironoxidesandoxyhydroxidesarecommonandimportantmaterialsintheenvironment,andthey strongly impact the biogeochemical cycle of iron and other species at the Earth’s surface. These materials commonly occur as nanoparticles in the 3–10nm size range. This paper presents quantitativeresultsdemonstratingthatironoxidereactivityisparticlesizedependent.Therateand extent of the reductive dissolution of iron oxyhydroxide nanoparticles by hydroquinone in batch experiments were measured as a function of particle identity, particle loading, and hydroquinone concentration. Rates were normalized to surface areas determined by both transmission electron microscopyandBraunauer-Emmett-Tellersurface.Resultsshowthatsurface-area-normalizedrates of reductive dissolution are fastest ?by as much as 100 times? in experiments using six-line ferrihydrite versus goethite. Furthermore, the surface-area-normalized rates for 4nm ferrihydrite nanoparticles are up to 20 times faster than the rates for 6nm ferrihydrite nanoparticles, and the surface-area-normalizedratesfor5?64nmgoethitenanoparticlesareuptotwotimesfasterthan the rates for 22?367nm goethite nanoparticles. ? 2005 American Institute of Physics. ?DOI:10.1063/1.2037887? I.INTRODUCTION oticandbioticexperimentsusingironoxideparticlesofdif- ferent phase and size.7,9 Much of this work suggests a particlesizeeffectinthereactivityoftheironoxides.Com- parisonsbetweenthesedistincttypesofworkcouldbesub- stantiallystrengthenedbytheuseofacommonsetofmate- rials, especially in the case of experiments using a broad range of redox agents and microorganisms. In such a way, the idea of universal reactivity ?e.g., whether similar trends are obser