论刑事诉讼的制约机中制—制约机制下的司法职权重构.docVIP

论刑事诉讼的制约机制—制约机制下的司法职权重构 【 内容 提要】刑事诉讼是司法机关运用证据控诉、涉嫌犯罪人辩解、开脱两者之间相互对抗的过程。由于刑事诉讼先天的不平衡，必须建立起正当程序的刑事诉讼的制约机制，这套机制要求：一是以权利来制约权力，二是以权力来制约权力。无罪推定原则、不被强迫自证其罪、律师辩护是建立控、辩平等是诉讼结构的内在需要，用权利的对抗制约执法权的滥用。并采用实证的 方法 分析 了我国《刑事诉讼法》中公、检、法之间的权力制约关系要求在公、检、法、司之间进行职能的协调划分，用权力的相互牵制来实现四部门职权的合理分配。提出由公安侦查，侦检共同追诉，司法审查逮捕，法院定罪，人民陪审员量刑，检察机关内设 法律 监督委员会隶属人大负责专项监督，司法行政机关负责审前羁押和执行的刑事诉讼立法新构思。 　　【关键词】制约 机制 职权 重构 　　[Abstract] Criminal complaint is the use of evidence, the alleged perpetrators to justify, from the confrontation between the process. Because criminal inherent imbalance of the criminal proceedings must be a due process mechanisms, and the mechanism required : First, to the right to regulate the power 2 is the power to regulate power. The presumption of innocence, not to be forced self-incrimination, counsel is established control, the structure of the relationship of equality is intrinsic to the proceedings by restricting the rights of law enforcement to combat the abuse. And the use of empirical methods analyzed the “Code of Criminal Procedure,” the public security, procuratorial, and judicial powers between the constraint relations for the public security, procuratorial, legal, and judicial functions of coordination between divisions, with the power to achieve mutual contain four departments of the rational allocation. Investigation by the public security, Detecting common recourse to judicial review of arrest, the court convicted, the jury sentencing, the procuratorial organs established under the NPC Legal Committee is responsible for monitoring special supervision, judicial and administrative bodies responsible for the implementation of pre-trial detention and criminal legislation new ideas. 　　[Key words]Constraints. Mechanism. Mandate. Stories. 　　刑事诉讼是司法机关逐步收集证据诉讼证明的过程，这是一个从“有证据证明”到“证据确实充分”最后到“判决有罪”的证明过程。经过这一过程，人将会随诉讼程序的推进，由合法人变为“涉嫌人”，最后成为“犯罪”人。证明的最初，每一个人都有可能成为一名潜在的涉嫌人，随着程序的推进，涉嫌人会具有不同的诉讼地位，也会受到不同的诉讼权利和义务。人的权利因司法权的作用而受到干预。涉嫌人的人身权会因程序的推进而逐步失去完整性。涉嫌人最后可能会有４种情况：（１）涉嫌人是被合法证据证明的“罪犯”；（２）涉嫌人是