汉译英(谓语的确定和否定翻译)要点.ppt

二 英语否定句 英语表达否定概念同样采用词汇手段。如可借助否定词no, never, nor, not, neither等，或具有否定意义的词语，如hardly, rarely, seldom, barely, scarcely, narrowly, few, little等。以及由前缀no-, non-, in-, dis-, un-, im-, 和后缀-less等组成的词语。英语中含有否定意义的词汇，还包括其他各类词语和词组： 动词：lack, fail, deny, miss, exclude, run short/out of, keep/stop/refrain/prevent (from), (get) rid of/overlook/deny. 名词：absence, exclusion, lack, want, failure, ignorance, denial. Want He wants the courage to speak the truth. After the disaster, there were many who wanted food and shelter. 形容词：absent, missing, ignorant, gone, free/far/safe from, short of, exclusive of. 介词：beyond, without, above, except, save, but, 连词：before, unless 也可采用句法手段： Rather than I think I will have a cold rather than the coffee. It is management that is at faults rather than the work force. Rather than risk breaking up his marriage, he told his wife everything. Other than He never speaks to me other than to ask for money. She has no close friend other than him. More…than... I like her more than her husband. It had more the appearance of a deliberate crime than of an accident. too...to... He is too young to take care of himself. 三 以否定形式译之 我认为他不够格。 I don’t think he is qualified. 我们任何时候都没有被困难吓倒过。 Never have we been daunted by the difficulties. 我对他的情况一无所知。 I don’t know anything about him. 这房子尽管富丽堂皇，但住起来一点也不舒服。 With all its magnificence, the house is not at all comfortable to live in. 动物没有水不能生存，植物没有水也不能生长。 Animals cannot live without water, neither can plants grow. 中国人口的百分之八十在农村，如果不解决这百分之八十的人的生活问题，社会就不会安定的。 Eighty percent of China’s population live in the rural areas. There will be no social stability unless their daily needs are met. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 If one does not exert oneself in youth, one will regret it in old age. 四 将汉语双重否定译成英语双重否定 如果你的学习方法对头，那么在短时间内掌握一门外语并不是不可能。 It is not impossible to master a foreign language within a short period if you have a good study method. 开始学英语时，讲英语不可能不犯错误。 At the beginning of learning English, you cant speak it without making mistakes. 我几乎没有一天不想