if,when,untill,before从句.docVIP

由when，before，until引导的时间状语从句： 在句子中起时间状语作用的句子称为时间状语从句。时间状语从句可以放在句首，句中和句尾。 引导时间状语的词有 when while as before after since until/till as soon as， once， each time, the moment, immediately, instantly 等 when引导的时间状语从句 1）when 意为“当…时”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。 ①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 ②when I was wandering the street, I met her.我在街上徘徊的时候遇到了他。 2）when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用 ①He was listening to music when I went in. 当我进去的时候，他正在听音乐。 ②I will visit my parents when I have time. 我有空时会去看望我的父母。 3）when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中（指过去的事情）。 sb．had hardly（＝scarcely） done sth．when．．．＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had sb．done sth．when．．． ①I had hardly ／scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．＝Hardly ／ Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 ②I had hardly ／scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang．＝Hardly ／Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang．我刚一走进房门，电话就响了 when引导的时间状语从句，不得不提起as和while when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 Strike while the iron is hot．（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。 The students took notes as they listened．（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。 when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 When ／While ／As we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 When ／While ／As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter．（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 3．当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse．（as表示“随着……”之意） The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the