化学前沿2—核壳结构材料.pdf

An Introduction to Core-Shell nanoparticals Why Core-Shell? _____________________________________________ Chemical and Collidal Stabillity • Nanoparticle degradation through Chemical etching • Agglomeration caused by strong Vander Waas attractive forces Tuning of Physical Properties For example, the optical properties of metal nanoparticles are influenced by their environments. Controlled surfaces modification can alter these properties Control of Interparticle Interactions Within Assemblies • Collective properties of nanoparticle assemblies are influenced to a large extent by the separation between the particles • Coating the particles with a uniform shell of inert material could control the distance between the partical Type of core-shell particles _____________________________________________ 1. Metal core 1.1 metal@metal 1.2 metal@SiO2 1.3 metal@carbon 1.4 metal@ploymer 1.5 Core-in-Hollow-Shell Spheres 2. Organic core (microcapsule or microsphere) (prof. Yang zhuohong ) 1.1 Metal@metal core-shell Nanostructures _____________________________________________ Reported Examples: Au/Ag: J.Chem.Phys.1964,41,3357-3363 Au/Cd, Au/Pb, Au/Ti: Ber.Bunsenges. Phys.Chem.1994,98,180-189 Au/Sn, Ag/Cd: J.Phys.Chem.1994,98,6931-6935 Ag/Pb: Ber.Bunsenges. Phys.Chem.1992,96,754- 759 Au/Pt: J.Phys.Chem.B.2000,104,2201-2203 1.2 Metal @ SiO2 _____________________________________________ •Main reason is for nanoparticles stablization •Silica is chemically inert and does not affect redox reactions at the core surface •Many chemical affinity surfaces can be directly coated with silica, like clay minerals, hematite, zirconia and titania. •Many other surfaces can only be coated with the help of stabilizers, surfactants, silane coupling agents, such as mercapto- or aminosilanes. Langmuir