一词汇题.docxVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 4 词汇题概述 题量：新托福阅读考试中一篇文章一般有2--3道甚至更多词汇题。一般 每题1分，出现频率非常高。 目的：词汇题主要检测考生对于某一个单词或词组的理解。 特点：被考查的单词或词组在原文中会被高亮突出显示，非常方便考生在原文中定位，要做的就是从4个选项中选择一个最佳的选项。 本质：选择在特定语境下可以相互替换的单词或词组。 例：One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determinant of profitability – rents. The word depressed is closest in meaning to (TOEFL, 1997.1) A. saddened B. created C. lowered D. defeated 词汇题类型 新托福阅读中的词汇题可以分成两大类型：单词类和词组类。 A. 词汇题（单词类） The word … in the passage is closest in meaning to. … The word … could be best replaced by …. B. 词汇题（词组类） The phrase … in the passage means. … In stating … the author means that…. The phrase … in the passage is closest in meaning to. The phrase … could be best replaced by…. 词汇题解题思路（一） 词汇题可以遵循以下三个原则着手解题：词汇线索原则、语境线索原则及词汇+语境线索原则。 一、词汇线索原则: 以单词识别能力为主，以构词识别能力为辅 (单词识别能力由词汇量多寡决定)；巧用词缀、词干解题(构词识别能力)。 例1： This unprecedented development of a finite groundwater resource with an almost negligible natural recharge rate – that is, virtually no natural water source to replenish the water supply, has caused water tables in the region to fall drastically. The word unprecedented in the passage is closest in meaning to A. difficult to control B. without any restriction C. unlike anything in the past D. rapidly expanding 例2： Flag, light pieces of cloth, is usually rectangular in shape, but varying in size, color, and design, and intended for use as an emblem or as a kind of signaling device. The flag, the most common symbol of national identity in the modem world, is also one of the most ancient. The traditional flag of fabric is still used to mark buildings, ships, and diplomatic caravans by national affiliation, but its visual design makes it adaptable for other roles as well. Most flags have a compact, rectangular shape and distinct visual symbolism. Their strong colors and geometric patterns are usual