肿瘤的进化与异质性及其在转移中的意义.pdfVIP

122 l.里营报(医学版) 2016 Jan. , 43(1) Fudan Univ J Med Sci 肿瘤的进化与异质性及其在转移中的意义 魏金旺1 ， 2 ， 3 盛援援1 ， 2 ， 3 (综述) 钦伦秀1 ， 2 ， 31\ (审坟) (1 复旦大学生物医学研究院 上海 200032 , 复旦大学附属华山医院普外科 上海 200040 , 3 复旦大学肿瘤转移研究所 上海 200 1l40) E摘要】 肿瘤转移是恶性肿瘤最主要的生物学特性之一，也是导致患者死亡的主要原因。肿瘤的转移潜能是肿 瘤异质性的表现之一，而异质性则起源于肿瘤细胞本身及宿主微环境在进化上的差异。这些进化上的差异除了 传统理论所认为的基因突变之外，还包括表观基因组学调控、蛋白质修饰等非基因水平方面的改变。本文将结 合种子与土壤理论，从肿瘤进化与异质性的角度，综述肿瘤细胞自身和癌周环境对肿瘤转移的影响，以期推动 肿瘤转移的研究及拓展诊疗思路。 E关键词】 肿瘤转移; 进化; 异质性 【中图分类号】 R73 - 37 (文献标识码】 A doi: 10. 3969/j. issn. 1672-8467.2016.0 1. 022 Cancer metastasis: From the perspective of evolution and heterogeneity WEI Jin-wang 1.2.3 , SHE:JG Yuan-yuan 1. 2.3 ,QIN Lun-xiu 1,2 .1ð (1 Institute of Biomedical Sciences ,Fudan University , Shanghai 200()32 , China; 2 Department of General Surgery , Huashan Hοs户ital. Fudan University •Shanghai 2()()()40 ,Chinα: Cancer Metastα 口s Institute ,Fudan University ,Shanghai 20()()40 , China) Abstract Metastasis is one of the biological hallmarks of malignancy and the principal cause of death of patients. Recent years ,metastatic potential is thought at least to be due to tumor heterogeneities which origin from the differences generated in the evolution process of cancer itself as well as host microenvironment. Derived from traditional theories , tumor heterogeneity includes more than gene mutations. The changes of non-genetic levels like epigenetic regulation and post-translational modification are widely considered. Based on the seed and soil theory about metastasis , this review summarizes the advances of studies in cancer metastasis from the perspective of evolution and heterogeneity ,hoping to promote the study of metastasis a