Behavioral and physiological female responses to male sex ratio bias in a pond-breeding amphibian.docVIP

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Behavioral and physiological female responses to male sex ratio bias in a pond-breeding amphibian.doc

Behavioral and physiological female responses to male sex ratio bias in a pond-breeding amphibian

Graysonetal.FrontiersinZoology2012,9:24 /content/9/1/24 RESEARCH OpenAccess Behavioralandphysiologicalfemaleresponsesto malesexratiobiasinapond-breedingamphibian KristineLGrayson1,2*,StephenPDeLisle1,JerrahEJackson3,SamuelJBlack4andEricaJCrespi5 Abstract Introduction:Thephenomenonofsexualconflicthasbeenwelldocumented,andinpopulationswithbiased operationalsexratiostheconsequencesfortherarersexcanbesevere.Femalesaretypicallyalimitedresourceand malesoftenevolveaggressivematingbehaviors,whichcanimproveindividualfitnessforthemalewhilenegatively impactingfemaleconditionandfitness.Inresponse,female

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