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Digital stereophotogrammetry based on circular markers and zooming cameras evaluation of a method for 3D analysis of small motions in orthopaedic research.doc

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Digital stereophotogrammetry based on circular markers and zooming cameras evaluation of a method for 3D analysis of small motions in orthopaedic research

Digitalstereophotogrammetrybasedoncircularmarkers andzoomingcameras:evaluationofamethodfor3D analysisofsmallmotionsinorthopaedicresearch Bobrowitschetal. Bobrowitschetal.BioMedicalEngineeringOnLine2011,10:12 /content/10/1/12(1February2011) Bobrowitschetal.BioMedicalEngineeringOnLine2011,10:12 /content/10/1/12 RESEARCH OpenAccess Digitalstereophotogrammetrybasedoncircular markersandzoomingcameras:evaluationofa methodfor3Danalysisofsmallmotionsin orthopaedicresearch EvgenijBobrowitsch1*,ChristofHurschler1,GavinOlender1,ChristianPlaass2,HazibullahWaizy2,HeinoArnold3, ChristinaStukenborg-Colsman2 *Correspondence:evgenij. Abstract bobrowitsch@yahoo.de 1LaboratoryforBiomechanicsand Biomaterials;Departmentof Background:Orthopaedicresearchprojectsfocusingonsmalldisplacementsina smallmeasurementvolumerequirearadiationfree,threedimensionalmotion OrthopaedicSurgery;Hannover MedicalSchool,Hannover, Germany analysissystem.Astereophotogrammetricalmotionanalysissystemcantrack wireless,small,light-weightmarkersattachedtotheobjects.Therebythedisturbance ofthemeasuredobjectsthroughthemarkertrackingcanbekeptatminimum.The purposeofthisstudywastodevelopandevaluateanon-positionfixedcompact motionanalysissystemconfiguredforasmallmeasurementvolumeandableto zoomwhiletrackingsmallroundflatmarkersinrespecttoafiducialmarkerwhich wasusedforthecameraposeestimation. Methods:Thesystemconsistedoftwowebcamerasandthefiducialmarkerplaced infrontofthem.Themarkerstotrackwereblackcirclesonawhitebackground.The algorithmtodetectacentreoftheprojectedcircleontheimageplanewas describedandapplied.Inordertoevaluatetheaccuracy(meanmeasurementerror) andprecision(standarddeviationofthemeasurementerror)oftheoptical measurementsystem,twoexperimentswereperformed:1)inter-markerdistance measurementand2)markerdisplacementmeasurement. Results:Thefirstexperimentofthe10mmdistancesmeasurementshowedatotal accuracyof0.0086mmandprecisionof±0.1002mm.Inthesecondexperiment, translationsfrom0.5mmto5mmweremeasuredwithtotalaccu