Antimalarial and Cytotoxic Phenolic Compounds from Cratoxylum maingayi and Cratoxylum cochinchinense.docVIP

Molecules 2009, 14, 1389-1395; doi:10.3390/moleculeOPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Article Antimalarial and Cytotoxic Phenolic Compounds from Cratoxylum maingayi and Cratoxylum cochinchinense Surat Laphookhieo 1,*, Wisanu Maneerat 1 and Sorwaporn Koysomboon 2 1 School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University; Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; E-mail; wisanu_npd@ (W.M.) 2 Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Muang, Suratthani; E-mail: sorwaporn@ (S.K.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: surat@mfu.ac.th; laphookhieo@. Received: 13 February 2009; in revised form: 23 March 2009 / Accepted: 23 March 2009 / Published: 30 March 2009 Abstract: Nine phenolic compounds isolated from Cratoxylum maingayi and C. cochinchinense were evaluated for anti-malarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, and for cytotoxic activity against the NCI-H187 (human small cell lung cancer) cancer cell line. Formoxanthone C (3) was found to be the most active against the NCI-H187 cancer cell line, with an IC50 of 0.22 ?g/mL, while vismione B (7) had the highest activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 of 0.66 ?g/mL. Keywords: Cratoxylum maingayi; C. cochinchinense, Xanthones; Anti-malarial activity; Cytotoxic activity. 1. Introduction Cratoxylum is a small genus in the Clusiaceae family, which is distributed in Southeast Asian countries. Some species of this genus have been used in folk medicine by local Thai people. For example, use of the decoction of roots and stems of C. cochinchinense as a diuretic has been described [1]. Several xanthones have been identified from this genus [1-10] and some of these compounds have been reported to possess significant pharmacological properties, including antimalaria [2], cytotoxicity [2-5,7,10], antibacterial [3,4], and anti-HIV activity [8]. As part of our search for bioactiv