Factors influencing fecundity in experimental crosses of water lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) cultivars.docVIP

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Factors influencing fecundity in experimental crosses of water lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) cultivars.doc

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Factors influencing fecundity in experimental crosses of water lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) cultivars

Tengetal.BMCPlantBiology2012,12:82 /1471-2229/12/82 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Factorsinfluencingfecundityinexperimental crossesofwaterlotus(NelumbonuciferaGaertn.) cultivars Nian-JunTeng1,Yan-LiWang1,Chun-QingSun1,2,Wei-MinFang1andFa-DiChen1* Abstract Background:Breedingprogramsforthewaterlotus(Nelumbonucifera)arehamperedbyaninabilitytoaccountfor variationinseedsetassociatedwithcrossesbetweendifferentcultivars.Westudiedseedsetintworeciprocal crossesbetweenlotuscultivars(‘Guili’×‘Aijiangnan’and‘Molingqiuse’×‘Qinhuaiyanzhi)toobtaininsightsinto factorsthatgovernfecundityintheseexperimentalhybrids.Pollenviability,stigmareceptivityandembryo developmentwerecomparedforeachhybridandreciprocalcross. Results:Pollenviabilityoftheindividualcultivarsrangedfrom4.1%to20.2%,withthehighestlevel(11.9%)forall cultivarsobservedfromtheearliestcollectedgrains(05:00–06:00a.m.).Stigmaticpollengerminationpeakedat4h afterpollinationandvariedfrom4.8to60.6grainsperstigmaamongthecrosses.Productionofnormalembryos rangedfrom7.6%to58.8%at1dafterpollinationandfrom0to25%by11dafterpollination.Seedsetincrosses (0.2–23.3%)wasgenerallylowerthaninopen-pollinatedplants(8.4–26.5%).Similartothegerminationresults,seed setwassubstantiallyreducedinbothreciprocalcrosses. Conclusions:Theseresultssuggestedthatpoorpollenfertility,lowstigmareceptivity,andembryoabortionwere responsibleforthefailureofthecrosses‘Molingqiuse’×‘Qinhuaiyanzhi’,‘Qinhuaiyanzhi’×‘Molingqiuse’ ,and ‘Aijiangnan’×‘Guili’. Background Zhejiang, Hubei, Anhui, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian, and The Nelumbonaceae is a family of perennial, aquatic, Jiangxi. This species is propagated vegetatively by rhi- herbaceous angiosperms, consisting of the two species zomesincommercialcultivation,andbyseedsforbreed- Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. and N. lutea (Willd.) Pers. ing purposes [3]. As an economically important aquatic Nelumbonucifera,alsocalledtheIndianorsacredlotus, plant in China, N. nucifera cultivars are classified into is found throughout Asia