英语高考复习第8讲非谓语动词.pptVIP

1.不定式、分词、动名词的否定式都是在其前面加 not /never。 (1)Mrs.Smith warned her daughter never to drive after drinking. 2.不定式的进行时表示动作与谓语动作同时发生。不定式、分词、动名词的完成式表动作在谓语之前发生。 (1)When mother came into the room,Sid pretended to be working hard at his lessons. 3.不定式做定语时，如果不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的工具、地点，不定式后就应有必要的介词。 There are five pairs to choose from,but I’m at a loss which to buy. 4.不定式主动表被动的几种情况： 在 There be结构中，做定语的不定式既可用主动语态也可用被动语态。 There is a lot of work to do/ to be done.  不定式做定语时，如果不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的宾语，但是又可在句子中找到另一个词做不定式的逻辑主语，不定式要用主动语态。 Would you please give the boy something to read? (something是 read的宾语,the boy是 read的逻辑主语，不定式用主动语态。) 注意比较下列两个句子： I have some letters to type.(隐含意义：I’ll type the letters myself.) Do you have any letters to be typed,sir?(隐含意义：I’ll type the letters for you) 5.关于不定式的省略。 在连词than,as后、介词except,but,besides后，如果前有实义动词do的某种形式，动词不定式一般不带to，反之则带to。 (1)In that case,there is nothing you can do than wait . 使役动词make,let,have和感官动词see,watch,hear,observe后接不定式做宾补时要省to，但在被动语态中，to不能省。 (1)A computer does only what thinking people have it do . 6.admit,advise,avoid,appreciate,can’t help,consider,delay,deny,escape,enjoy,finish,feel like， fancy, imagine,mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest等动词以及所有带介词的短语动词后面只能跟动名词做宾语。 (1)I really appreciate having time to relax with you on this nice island. (2)The boy was lucky enough to escape being punished. 6.be going to表早就安排好的将来，或表根据某种迹象判断要发生的事情。will/shall表临时决定要做的动作，be to表按约定计划或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，强调主语的意志和决心。be about to表马上就要发生的动作，不能与表示将来的确切时间状语连用。 (1)—You’ve left the light on. —Oh,so I have.I’ll go and turn it off.（I’ll go:临时决定的动作） 7.如果句中有so far,by now,in the last few years,till now,up to now等表示时间的短语,谓语动词只能用现在完成时。 (1)So far they have dug more than 100 wells to get enough drinking water. 7.remember,forget,try,mean,regret,stop,go on后接不定式做宾语与接动名词做宾语，意义有很大区别，必须牢记。 regret doing因做过某事而后悔，动作已发生 regret to do因将做某事而遗憾，动作没发生 remember doing记得做过某事， 动作已发生 remember to do 记得去做某事，动作没发生 forget doing 忘记曾做过某事，动作已发生 forget to do 忘记做某事，动作没发生