自学高教自考英语翻译方法7.docVIP

自学高教自考英语翻译技巧7 翻译时句子结构的转换： 　　在英译汉时有时需要将整个句子的结构转换。例如，把英语的简单句译成汉语的复合句，把一种从句译成另一种从句，把并列句译成复合句等，这主要是为了使译文通顺自然，符合汉语的习惯。 转译成主从复合句 1.简单句转译成复合句 a. At the slightest improvement in my work they would show warm approval. 我工作梢有改进，他们就热情肯定。 b. His wish is to become a doctor born of a desire to help sick people. 他之所以想当医生是因为他想帮助病人。 c. With the boy leading，the two started towards the village. 孩子在前面带路，两人朝村里走去。 d. Now we have shown their story to be false. 现在我们已经证明他们的这套话是虚假的。 e. I have read of people living several weeks on nothing but a glass of water a day. 我曾经从书报上看到过有人一连几个星期只靠一杯水维持生命。 F. He differed from his workmates in spending his spare time reading. 他跟他的伙伴们不同，他把业余时间用在读书上了。 　　并列句转译成复合句：有时，英语的几个小分句译成汉语后就变成了一个主从复和句，例如： 　　a. Choosing the right career is very important. Most of us spend a great part of our lives at our jobs. For that reason we should try to find out what our talents are and how we can use them. 选则适合自己的工作是很重要的，因为工作占据了我们一生中的大部分时间，所以，我们应尽可能认识一下自己的天赋在什么地方以及怎么样发挥等。 分词短语还原译成复合句： b. People exposed to bright red show an increase in heartbeat，and blood pressure；red is exciting. 如果将人暴露给红颜色，他们就会显露出心跳加快、血压增高等；红颜色让人兴奋。 　　c. Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable（稳定的）。 　　 一些人如果生活在有漫长、灰暗冬天的农村比起气候稳定地区的人来说较容易沉默寡言，也不活泼。 短语转译成主从复合句 a. He always tries his utmost to extend help to others whenever necessary. 不管什么时候，只要有可能，他都会帮助别人。 b. If pressed further，they would become angry. 如果追问急了，他们会很生气的。 c. Although he didn’t like his job，Bill didn’t want to disappoint his wife by giving up his well-paid new position. 尽管比尔不喜欢他的工作，可他不想放弃，因为那样会让他的妻子很失望。 d. Something felt in，for I heard a splash. 有东西掉进去了，因为我听到扑通一声。 e. This machine is simple in design，yet it is efficient in operation. 虽然这台机器结构简单，但功效很高。 2.复合句转译成简单句 While I sympathize，I can’t really do very much to help. 我真是爱莫能助。 　　 This is what the molecular formula means. 这就是此分子式的含义。 　　 There’s something that you don’t know.