高层建筑的结构体系.docVIP

高层建筑的结构体系 高层建筑的结构体系提要：框架结构体系。由梁、柱构件组成的结构称为框架。整幢结构都由梁、柱组成就称为框架结构体系（或称纯框架结构 高层建筑的结构体系 结构体系是指结构抵抗外部作用的构件组成方式。在高层建筑中，抵抗水平力是设计的主要矛盾，因此抗侧力结构体系的确定和设计成为结构设计的关键问题。 高层建筑中基本的抗侧力单元是框架、剪力墙、实腹筒（又称井筒）、框筒及支撑由这几种单元可以组成多种结构体系。 1、框架结构体系。由梁、柱构件组成的结构称为框架。整幢结构都由梁、柱组成就称为框架结构体系（或称纯框架结构）。 2．剪力墙结构体系。利用建筑物墙体作为承受竖向荷载和抵抗水平荷载的结构，称为剪力墙结构体系。 3．框架－剪力墙结构（框架－筒体结构）体系。在框架结构中，设置部分剪力墙，使框架和剪力墙两者结合起来，取长补短，共同抵抗水平荷载，这就是框架－剪力墙结构体系。如果把剪力墙布置成筒体，可称为框架－筒体结构体系。 4．筒中筒结构。筒体分实腹筒、框筒及桁架筒。由剪力墙围成的筒体称为实腹筒，在实腹筒墙体上开有规则排列的窗洞形成的开孔筒体称为框筒；筒体四壁由竖杆和斜杆形成的衍架组成则称为衍架筒。筒中筒结构由上述筒体单元组合，一般心腹筒在内，框筒或桁架筒在外，由内外筒共同抵抗水平力作用。 5．多筒体系——成束筒及巨型框架结构。由两个以上框筒或其他筒体排列成束状，称为成束筒。巨形框架是利用筒体作为柱子，在各筒体之间每隔数层用巨型梁相连，这样的筒体和巨型梁即形成巨型框架。这种多筒结构可更充分发挥结构空向作用，其刚度和强度都有很大提高，可建造层数更多、高度更高的高层建筑。 Measures for the routine management of moral education in Middle SchoolsMethod of conventional management of moral education in middle schoolFirst, the guiding ideology:School moral education is an organic whole of the whole education work, always adhere to the school adhere to the moral education, education for this product, and actively promote the quality education, the school building efficient curriculum system of moral education, moral education, improve the sense of attraction and appeal, enhance the moral education work for through and timeliness. Teach everyone, service education and management education, and school moral education work must be with family education and community education closely together, to form a concerted pattern, and strive to create a good atmosphere for education, and to promote the all-round development of students, to establish a scientific moral education full of vigor the For long-term mechanism.Two, the goal of moral education:To guide the students to form the correct world outlook, outlook on life, values, to cultivate students unity and mutual assistance, honest and trustworthy, law-abiding, good quality, hard work, set a good XX students ideological quality, psychological quality and image quality. The form