化学-配位滴定材料.ppt

Chapter Five: Complexometry Objectives and Demands： 1) Grasp stability of complexes of EDTA with metal ions; 2) Master the variation of metal ion concentration during titration process. Teaching Contents and Arrangements： 1) Complexes and Formation Constants—How Stable Are Complexes? 2) Chelates: EDTA—The Ultimate Titrating Agent for Metals; 3) Metal—EDTA Titration Curves; 4) Detection of the End Point: Indicators—They Are Chelating Agents; 5) Other Uses of Complexes; 6) Fraction of Dissociating Species in Polyligand Complexes: β Values—How Much of Species? 7) Calculation of Conditional Stability Constants of Complex Equilibria. Emphases and Difficulties： Emphases： 1) Understanding Coefficients Caused by Acidity (lgαY(H)), Coexisting ions (lgαY(N)), and Complex Reaction (lgαM(L)); Effect on Complex Equilibria with Side Reaction; 2) Calculation of Conditional Stability Constants of Complex Equilibria. Difficulties： Selectivity and Accuracy of Metal ions Titration while Coexisting with Other Ions. 5.1. Generality of Complexometric Titration Complexometric titration is a type of titration based on complex formation between the analyte and titrant. Many metal ions form slightly dissociated complexes with various ligands (complexing agents). The analytical chemist makes judicious use of complexes to mask undesired reactions. The formation of complexes can also serve as the basis of accurate and convenient titrations for metal ions in which the titrant is a complexing agent. Complexometric titrations are useful for determining a large number of metals. Selectivity can be achieved by appropriate use of masking agents (addition of other complexing agents that react with interfering metal ions) and by pH control, since most complexing agents are weak acids or weak bases whose equilibria are influenced by the pH. 1) Complex Reaction Complexometric titration is a type of titration based on complex formation between the analyte and t