gnuplot的三维作图.doc

假如数据文件data.txt中内容如下：# x ???y ???f(X,Y)0.1????0.1?????10.2????0.2?????3.50.3????0.3?????2.7...则f(X,Y)的图形可如下绘制：在gnuplot console中使用command：splot data.txt若要设定x和y的范围：splot [xi,xf] [yi,yf] data.txt若要画colorful contour map:set pm3d mapsplot [xi,xf] [yi,yf] data.txt设定 x axis 显示的significant digit 为小数点后第10位set format x %1.10f同理可设置 y axis设定 x axis tics 的间距为0.1：set xtics 0.1存为彩色eps图,图名为img.eps：set terminal postscript eps color enhancedset output img.epsreplot1. 输出格式 gnuplot set terminal x11 %输出到屏幕(Linux) gnuplot set terminal postscript portrait noenhanced monochrome blacktext \ dashed dashlength 1.0 linewidth 1.0 defaultplex \ palfuncparam 2000,0.003 \ butt Helvetica 14 gnuplot set output test.ps %输出到PS文件, 以便插入到LaTeX文件中. gnuplot set terminal png small color picsize 640 480 gnuplot set output test.png %输出到图像文件, 以便插入到html文件中. 2. 基本绘图命令 gnuplot plot test2d.dat with lines %绘制曲线图(二维图形) gnuplot splot test3d.dat with lines %绘制曲面图(三维图形) test2d.dat 中的数据为两列, 第一列对应横坐标, 第二列为纵坐标(函数值) test3d.dat 中的数据为三列, 第一,二列对应坐标, 第三列为纵坐标(函数值), 例如: x1 y1 z11 x1 y2 z12 x1 y3 z13 //空一行! x2 y1 z11 x2 y2 z12 x2 y3 z13 //空一行! x3 y1 z11 x3 y2 z12 x3 y3 z13 gnuplot unset surface %不绘制表面图 gnuplot set contour %绘制等值线图 gnuplot set cntrparam levels discrete .1,1/exp(1),.9 %定制等值线 gnuplot set cntrparam levels auto 5 gnuplot set view 0,0 3. 一些例子 set hidden3d; set ticslevel 0; set parametric set isosamples 28,14 set urange [0:2*pi]; set vrange [-pi:pi] set size 0.8,1; set view 60,20,1,1 set ticslevel 0 splot cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v), \ 1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v), .5*sin(v), sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v) set term table set out tori.table replot !gnuconvf -s 200 -i tori.table -o tori.ppm -r 0.85 -X50 -Y-100 -Z50 !convert -transparency black tori.ppm tori.jpg set samples 36 set isosample 36,36 set hidden3d set ticslevel 0 splot sin(x)*sin(y)/x/y set term table s