长期定位施肥对棕壤有机氮组分及剖面分布的影响_高晓宁.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2009,42(8):2820-2827 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2009.08.022 长期定位施肥对棕壤有机氮组分及剖面分布的影响 高晓宁，韩晓日，刘 宁，左仁辉，吴正超，杨劲峰 （沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/辽宁省农业资源与环境重点实验室，沈阳 110161 ） 摘要：【目的】揭示施肥对土壤供氮潜力的影响。【方法】以土壤有机氮作为土壤肥力的重要指标采用Bremner 法对棕壤 29 年长期定位试验的有机氮组成进行分级。【结果】单施化肥处理对耕层土壤有机氮含量及其组成无明 显影响；有机肥和化肥配施，耕层土壤各形态酸解有机氮的含量都有不同程度的提高，其中氨基酸态氮的增加最 为明显。在不同施肥处理中的顺序是氨基酸态氮＞非酸解态氮＞酸解氨态氮＞酸解未知态氮＞氨基糖态氮。各形 态有机氮的剖面分布相似，含量均随土层的加深而降低。不同处理对有机氮各组分含量变化的作用表现为有机无 机配施处理＞单施有机肥处理＞单施化肥处理、不施肥处理。【结论】长期有机无机肥配施显著提高了土壤的供氮 潜力，是维持土壤肥力最优的施肥方式。 关键词：棕壤；长期定位施肥；有机氮组分 Effects of Long-Term Fertilization on Organic Nitrogen Forms and Their Distribution in Profile of a Brown Soil GAO Xiao-ning, HAN Xiao-ri, LIU Ning, ZUO Ren-hui, WU Zheng-chao, YANG Jin-feng (College of Land and Environment Science, Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource and Environment in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110161) Abstract: 【Objective 】 Soil organic nitrogen (N) is the main form of soil nitrogen, which is affected by fertilization practices. 【Method 】 The Bremner method was employed to analyze soil organic N fractionation. After 29-year fertilization treatments, the changes of N supply capacity in a brown soil were studied in this paper. 【Result 】 Compared with the control, neither single chemical fertilizer had the effect on the content of soil organic N, nor had the effect on the nitrogen composition. Application of manure with chemical fertilizer significantly increased the contents of all forms of hydrolysable organic N, especially the content of amino acid N. The contents of different forms of soil organic N in all treatments followed the order of amino acid N ＞ non-hydrolysable N ＞ammonia