巧解同义句转换题的十法.docVIP

同义句改写十法 同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型，其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整，第二句中设有几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面： 根据句意改写主要考查对句意的理解和用一个词或一种结构来概括上句的意思的综合能力。如：The runner fell behind the others though he did what he could. The runner ____to keep up with the others though he ____his ______. 分析：根据第一句“虽然这名赛跑选手尽了全力，但还是落在了别人的后面”，“尽力—try one’s best”,所以应填failed, tried, to. 2．Before talking, he told me his name and I told him my name. We _____ _____ ______ ______ before talking. 分析：根据第一句“他他的名字告诉了我，我我的名字告诉他told each other’s names。 2．利用从句改写即运用关系代词、关系副词或从属连词改写。如：The man is talking with a lady. He gave us a talk last week. The man ______ gave us a talk last week ______ _____ with a lady. 分析: 2．He didn’t want to miss the first bus, so he got up early. He got up early _________ _________ he could catch the first bus. 3．利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换这类典型结构如so…that…，too…to…，enough to，not…until…，so do I等。如：1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too. Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents. 分析：答案为so do。句意为“……他的父母也一样（一样想去）”。2. John went to bed after he finished his homework. John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework “so＋动词＋主语”结构，表示肯定，译为“某人(物) 也如此”。“neither／nor ＋动词＋主语”结构表示否定， 译为“某人(物) 也不……”。这两种结构指前一句所说的情况同样也适合另一个人或物。转换时应注意四点：1.）动词指助动词、be动词或情态动词；2.）动词在时态上与前句呼应；3.）动词在数上要与本句主语保持一致；4.）表示否定时，neither／nor本身具有否定意义，动词要用肯定形式。 1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too. Jim wants to go boating, and _________ _________ his parents. 【答案】so do。主语是复数his parents, 时态是一般现在时，助动词用do。2. I like playing tennis. He likes playing tennis, too. I like playing tennis, _________ _________ he. 【答案】so does。主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，助动词用does。4．利用连词改写运用关联连词(组) both...and, neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also, as well as等，可将并列句或两个句子合并为一个简单句，注意neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。Chris has gone to South Af