unit9介词讲义.docVIP

Everyone of us makes mistakes, but which doesn’t stand that we’re not outstanding. --- Larry Ellison Unit 9介词 介词是一种虚词，它不能单独在句子中 担任成分，需要和名词，代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语，从句构成介词短语，担任句子的成分。介词的数量并不多，但每个介词常具有多种意思，并且使用频率较高。所以学好介词很关键。 介词的种类和介词短语的用法： 1. 介词的种类：可分为两种，简单介词和短语介词。 简单介词只是一个单词，如in, on, after, at by, for, from…。 短语介词是由两个或两个以上的单词集合而成的，如out of, in front of, because of…。 We set the dinner party at six thirty. I broke the lamp on the wall. Tom jumped out of the bed. I came back because of the rain. 2. 介词短语的用法： “介词＋名词/代词”形成介词短语，可以作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。 The girl with long hair is my elder sister. Nancy put her MP4 on the desk. 介词短语作定语：一律后置。 The mobile phone on the desk is mine. He bought a villa with fine scenery. A gentleman in white came into the hall. 介词短语作状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。 Classes begin at eight. Jane looks younger for her age. 介词短语修饰动词 介词短语修饰形容词 To my surprise, Li Ming passed the exam at all. 介词短语修饰全句 介词短语作表语： He is in danger. We are against / for you. The car is in front of the house. 介词短语作宾语补足语： Make yourself at home. We made Tom out of danger. 表示时间的介词： 类别 举例 表示年，月，日，时刻 at, on, in 表示时间的前后 before, after 表示期限： by, until, till 表示期间 for, during, through 表示时间的起点 from, since 表示时间的经过 in, within 1. at, on, in: 1) at: 用于表示时刻，时间的某一点： at lunch at dawn at noon at that time at night at the moment at present at nine at first at last at times at this time of (the) year at the end of (the) year at the same time at the Spring Festival at the Lantern Festival at / on the weekend We usually have lunch at twelve. 2) on: 用于表示某天，某一天的上午，下午（指具体的某一天时，一律用on） on Monday on Tuesday morning on your birthday on August 8, 2008 on a fine morning on a cold night on the New Year