C练习题2015年下(读程序练习题).docxVIP

读程序题目本题考核指针与字符串，指向字符串的指针，意味着指针变量中存放字符串在内存中所占存储空间的首地址。此时指针变量可以作为数组名来使用。#includeiostream usingnamespace std;void main(){char *str = abbcdace;int c1 = 0, c2 = 0, c3 = 0, c4 = 0;for (int i = 0; str[i]; i++)switch (str[i]) {default: c4++;casea:c1++;caseb:c3++;casec:c2++; }cout c1 , c2 , c3 , c4 endl;}◎ 知识点复习：字符串结束标记为\0 ,字符串在内存中存放时实际字符后存放\0这个标记。当输出字符串时遇到\0停止输出。◎ for(int i = 0; str[i]; i++)中的str[i]表示循环条件，读出字符数组str中的各个字符，显然遇到\0停止。即str[i]等价于str[i]!=’\0’。◎ Switch结构特点：找到表达式满足的入口后开始执行本分支中的语句，遇到 break语句跳出switch结构，但如果没有遇到break，执行完本分支后继续执行下一分支语句。◎ 将switch结构改为如下形式，结果是什么？switch (str[i]) {default: c4++;break;casea:c1++;break;caseb:c3++; break;casec:c2++;break; }枚举类型与枚举变量的定义enum枚举类型名 {枚举常量列表} [变量列表] ;※定义枚举类型的同时定义枚举变量：enum Color { Red, Yellow, White, Blue, Black}c1;※先定义类型，再定义变量：enum Color {Red, Yellow, White, Blue, Black};Color c1;#includeiostreamusingnamespace std;enumColor{ Red, Yellow, White, Blue, Black}c; void main(){c= Red; cout c endl; c = Yellow; cout c endl;c = Black; cout c endl;}第一行运行结果为? 第二行运行结果为？第三行运行结果为？复合语句：在复合语句中定义的变量仅在该语句中有效。#includeiostream usingnamespace std;int c = 0;classBase{int a;public:Base(){a = 2;c++;}~Base() { c--; }friendvoid show();};void show() { cout 结果为： c endl; }void main(){Base a;show();{ Base b[3];show();}show();}继承，组合#includeiostream usingnamespace std;classBase{int x;public:Base(inty){ cout 调用基类构造函数 endl; x=y; }~Base(){ cout 调用基类析构函数 endl; }void showx(){ cout x ,; }int Getx(){ return x; }};classDerived :publicBase{int k;Base b1;public:Derived(intn, intm, intp) :Base(m), b1(p){cout 调用派生类构造函数 endl;k= n;}~Derived(){ cout 调用派生类析构函数 endl; }void show(){Base::showx();cout k , b1.Getx() endl;}};void main(){Derived obj(8, 13, 24);obj.show();}函数#includeiostream usingnamespace std;classTest{public:Test(doublem, doublen, doubled) :p(d) { a = m; b = n; }void Show();void Show() const;private:double a, b;constdouble p;};voidTest::Show(){cout a , b endl;cout p= p endl;}voidTest::Show() const{cout a , b const en