考研英语语法非谓语详解ppt.ppt

巩固练习 用所给动词的-ed 或~ing形式填空： 1)The journey was quite __________ ．(tire) 2)The result of the exam made me __________ ．(disappoint) 3)This was really an __________ moment．(excite) 4)His __________ look suggested that he didn’t understand it．(puzzle) 5)He seemed quite __________ at the idea. (delight) 6)The present situation is __________ ．(encourage) tiring disappointed exciting puzzled delighted encouraging * 非谓语动词 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。都不受主语人称和数的限制（即无人称和数的变化），但有时态和语态的变化。 Example: He ask me did it.（×） He ask me to do it.（√） Lily likes sing.（×） Lily likes singing.（√） She punished by her father. （×） She was punished by her father. （√） 掌握非谓语动词的关键在于：弄清三大非谓语动词各种不同的结构形式、每种结 构所表达的时间概念及其主被动关系；弄清楚三大非谓语动词各自所作的句子成 分；不同的非谓语动词作同一句子成分时的区别；三大非谓语动词的其他特殊用法。 （一）不定式 结构形式及每种结构所表达的时间概念及其主被动关系 It is a great pleasure to have been working with you. 在谓语动作/状态之前一直在进行着的动作 (not) to have been doing 主动 完成进行式 1. I’m glad to have been invited to visit your factory. 2. He expects to have been told the truth yesterday. 发生在谓语动作/状态之前的被动动作 (not) to have been done 被动 1. I happened to have come across your brother. 2. We planned to have met each other at ten. 发生在谓语动作/状态之前的主动动作 (not) to have done 主动 完成式 He happened to be working when the boss came in. 与谓语动作/状态同时发生的动作 (not) to be doing 主动 进行式 The teacher wanted the materials to be typed soon. 发生在谓语动作/状态之后或同时发生的被动动作 (not) to be done 被动 1. I want to be a teacher. 2. I saw him go out. 发生在谓语动作/状态之后或同时发生的主动动作 （not）to do 主动 一般式 举例 时间概念及主被动关系 结构形式 语态 名称 A. 不定式的一般式? 表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或 是在它之后发生。? Example: He appears to be very happy. 他看起来好像很高兴。（同时发生）? To catch the train, wed better hurry to the station by taxi. 为了赶上火车，我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。 （to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后） B. 不定式的进行式? 表示正在进行的动作。 Example: It happened to be raining when I got there.