CATTI笔译备考陈冯富珍在伦敦卫生和热带医学院的演讲.docVIP

From Crisis to Sustainable Development: Lessons from the Ebola Outbreak 摆脱危机，走向可持续发展：从埃博拉疫情中得出的经验教训 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Women in Science Lecture Series 伦敦卫生和热带医学院：妇女与科学讲座系列 Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization 世界卫生组织总干事 陈冯富珍博士 10 March 2015 2015年3月10日 My good friends at the London School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, colleagues in publichealth, ladies and gentlemen, 伦敦卫生和热带医学院的朋友们、公共卫生界的同事们、女士们、先生们， The outbreak of Ebola virus disease that ravaged parts of West Africa in 2014 is the largest, longest, most severe, and most complex in the nearly four-decade history of this disease. 在埃博拉病毒病将近40年的历史上，2014年肆虐于西非部分地区的疫情是规模最大、历时最长、最严重和最复杂的一次。 To date, nearly 24,000 cases and nearly 10,000 deaths have been reported in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. This sum is an order of magnitude higher than the 2,400 cases reported in all 24 previous Ebola outbreaks combined. 迄今为止，在几内亚、利比里亚和塞拉利昂共报告了2.4万起病例，将近1万人死亡。这一数量级高出了以往全部24次疫情总计报告的2400起病例。 A look at the factors that made last year’s outbreak so difficult and so devastating is important. That experience yields a number of lessons that need to be acted on with the utmost urgency. 必须审视一下，是哪些因素导致了去年的疫情如此棘手，破坏力如此巨大。我们从中可得出一些需要刻不容缓地采取行动的经验教训。 Constant mutation and adaptation are the survival mechanisms of the microbial world. Changes in the way humanity inhabits the planet have given viruses and bacteria multiple new opportunities to exploit. New diseases are now emerging at an unprecedented rate. No one expects this trend to end. 不断的变异和适应是微生物世界的生存机制。地球上人居方式的变化，带给病毒和细菌许多可利用的新机会。新的疾病正以前所未有的速度出现。很难指望这一趋势将会中止。 Moreover, in a world of radically increased interdependence, international travel, and trade, there is no such thing as a local outbreak anymore. 此外，在一个相互依存关系、国际旅行和国际贸易迅猛增长的世界上，再不会有地方局部疫情一类事情。 Recent large outbreaks, just since the start of this century, have shattered a number of assumptions about the world’s vulnerability to new and re-emerging diseases, like Ebola. 最