中国大豆育成品种亲本分析.docVIP

中国大豆育成品种亲本分析熊冬金1,2赵团结1盖钧镒1 （1南京农业大学大豆研究所/国家大豆改良中心/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室，南京 2100952南昌大学生命科学学院，南昌 3300） Analysis of Soybean Cultivars Released in China XIONG Dong-jin1,2, ZHAO Tuan-jie1, GAI Jun-yi1 (1Soybean Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University/National Center for Soybean Improvement/National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095; 2School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031) Abstract: 【O】 The present study was aimed to analyze the pedigrees of the 1 300 cultivars released during to reveal the geographical sources and types of their end ancestors and direct parents, especially those during the recent 20 years, and to summarize the implications in utilization of breeding approaches and parental materials. 【M】 Based on the collected pedigree data of the 1 300 soybean cultivars released duringin China, the end ancestors and direct parents were traced and then the nuclear contribution from the ancestors estimated and analyzed. 【R】 Total 1 300 released soybean cultivars were traced to their 670 final ancestors, composed of 51.64% landraces, 38.36% breeding lines, 7.01% improved cultivars, 2.54% wild accessions and 0.45% uncertain type, which provided 76.29%, 14.93%, 7.79%, 0.54% and 0.45% nuclear contribution to the 1 300 released cultivars, respectively. The 1 300 released cultivars were derived from 1391 direct parents, composed of 27.76% cultivars, 6.10% exotic introductions, 11.62% landraces, and 54.52% breeding lines. Among the 1 019 released cultivars developed from artificial hybridization, about 71.78% were from the crosses among cultivars and breeding lines. Total 54 major ancestors out of the 670 ones and 37 major direct parents out of the 1 391 ones of the cultivars released during 1986-2005 were nominated. 【C】After a comparison between the data of the cultivars released duringand those during 1923-1995 reported before, the number of end ancestors and direct parents