非谓语动词---kelly.ppt

Point 4: used as adverbial分词作状语 主动 被动 现在分词一般式 doing being done 现在分词完成式 having done having been done ※否定式：直接在分词前加not When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. = After I had received his letter, I decided to write back. = He had been invited, he felt very happy. = Hearing the bad news, they… Having received his letter, I… Having been invited, he felt… （几乎）同时发生 发生在主句主语之前 Not having been invited, he felt very unhappy. 小结： 1. 现在分词所表示的动作与主语成主谓关系即主动关系。 2. 现在分词的一般式作状语，表示分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生。 现在分词的完成式作状语，表示分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或强调分词的动作持续一段时间后谓语动词的动作才发生。 3. 现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语须与