非谓语动词精讲与精炼.ppt

非谓语动词综合同步 动名词与不定式的不同含义： be afraid to do 不敢、害怕做某事 be afraid of doing 担心发生某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过了某事（已做） remember to do sth. 记着去做某事（未做） remember doing sth. 记着做了某事（已做） regret to do sth. 遗憾地说/告诉… regret doing sth. 后悔做了… stop to do sth. stop doing sth. try to do sth. try doing sth. mean to do sth. mean doing sth. go on to do sth. go on doing sth. can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁，不禁 can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做… permit / allow / advise /consider/ forbid/encourage / recommend doing sth. sb. to do sth. start / begin / continue / like / love / hate/attempt/intend/ prefer/dislike doing sth. to do sth. want /need/ require doing sth (被动含义) to do sth (主动含义） The house requires / needs / wants repairing. The book is worth reading. 2. 不定式作定语 Change the following into infinitives. He was the first person that came to the classroom this morning. Do you have anything that you want to say? Here are some books that you can read. He thought out a plan _____ (punish) Tom. He is always the last _____ (come) to office Please give me a knife _____ (cut) with. 作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 3 不定式在作表语的形容词后面作状语时，用主动形式表被动意思。 This question is difficult _______ (answer). Do you think him easy______ (work) with? We find this rule hard _____ (remember). 注1：分词作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语一致，构成主动或被动的关系。 注2： 表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连接词while或when引导。 注3：有时，”with + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 分词”的结构表示伴随状况。 注4: 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词须有自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。（见后） 1。不定式的时态与语态： 1）一般式：不定式表示的动作常与谓语的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后发生。 I saw him go out. I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 2）进行式：不定式表示的动作正在进行。 I’m very glad to be working with you. 3）完成式：不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. The article is said to have been read by many people. 2。动名词的时态和语态 1）动名词的时态：一般式和完成式 如G.的动作没明确表示出时间是与谓语同时