火工校正规程.pdf

1 范围scope 本文件规定了钢质船舶建造过程中火工矫正的基本技术，本文件 适用于一般强度船用结构钢和高强度船用结构钢 The guideline covers requirements for fairing with heating process and is intended to be used for normal tensile strength steel and high tensile strength steel. 2 职责Responsibility 2.1 从事火工矫正的工人在操作前必须经过系统的培训,掌握火工 矫正的操作要领。The worker employed for fairing with heating process must systemic trained and completely understand the key points of this process. 2.2 操作时必须认真调节火焰，严格控制加热温度，防止母材表面 过烧。 The flame to be adjusted carefully and heating temperature controlled strictly to avoid the over heating on steel surface. 3 施工前准备preparation 3.1 施工者在施工前应准备好加热工具，冷却工具和护具等。 Equipment for heating and cooling as well as personal safety equipment to be prepared and confirmed at working condition before the work started. 3.2 施工者在施工前应明确矫正点。Operator should aware the zone to be faired before starting the fairing. 3.3 施工者在施工前应了解施工处的情况，防止积水或流水污染已 做好的边缘准备。To prevent the water accumulation on board or wet the fitted bevel surface, the operator should discover the working environment and prepare the solution before work started. 4、变形的矫正方法 Fairing method 4.1 圆点加热矫正法 Point heating 一般用在板型结构变形区域如上层建筑的围壁，其工具采用氧-乙炔 焰炬，用氧-乙炔焰炬在被矫正的部位作圆环状游动，均匀地加热， 0 0 使加热区成圆点形如图所示，加热温度为 780 C-800 C。当火圈呈樱 红色时，立即用木槌或铁锤敲火圈周围。若是薄板，其背面应撑以铁 垫，以防止火圈区域积聚皱折，随着火圈颜色的渐暗淡，锤击也渐轻 渐缓。锤击中心也渐由火圈外围移至火圈区域，直到火圈成黑色，温 0 0 度约为 200 C-350 C，即停止锤击。在该温度范围内，钢材处于蓝脆 区，若锤击易产生裂纹，待冷却至 10—150C时，复行锤击。 This method mainly used to fair the deformation on thin accommodation panel. To improve the fairing result, hammering is also as necessary follow heating. 4.2 线状加热法 Line heating。加热区呈线状如图所示。This method can be used for fair the angle deformation on sub-assembly panel and block. The heating is been done along the direction of inner member,see fig 4.3 十字状加热法Crossing heating。其加热区呈十字形，如图所示 Heating zone is crossing,see fig。一般用于对接焊缝变形的矫