浅论不同秸秆发酵菌曲催化剂对日光温室生菜生长效果.docVIP

浅论不同秸秆发酵菌曲催化剂对日光温室生菜生长效果 摘要秸秆发酵菌曲催化剂是添加在秸秆发酵菌中的一种触媒,是实现秸秆快速腐熟的重要材料。选择尿素、羊粪、牛粪3种秸秆发酵菌曲催化剂,对各自不同施用量的效果进行对比试验,研究不同催化剂对山西省晋中盆地日光温室生菜的生长情况、品质、矿质元素和叶绿素值的影响。结果表明:3种催化剂均可以对生菜的生长情况、品质、矿质元素含量和叶绿素值产生不同程度的影响,其中羊粪效果最佳,牛粪次之,尿素效果第三。在各种处理中,羊粪的最佳施用量为400 kg/hm2,牛粪的最佳施用量为400 kg/hm2,尿素的最佳施用量为360 kg/hm2。 　　关键词秸秆发酵菌曲催化剂;日光温室;生菜;晋中盆地 　　中图分类号S141.4文献标识码A文章编号 1007-5739(2010)22-0293-02 　　 　　StudyonEffectsofDifferentCatalystsofFermentativeProductionFromCronstalksonLettuceGrowthinSunlightGreenhouse 　　WANG BinZHANG QiangHUANG Gao-jianSUN JieLI LEiWEN Dong 　　(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan Shanxi 030006) 　　AbstractThe catalyst of fermentative production from cornstalks is an important catalyst which is added to microbial fermentation agent for acceleration decomposition of cornstalk. Three tested catalysts like as carbemide,sheep manure and cattle manure were chosed in this experiment. The effects of different catalysts on the growth,quality,mineral element and spad value of lettuce in sunlight greenhouse were studied based on three catalysts contrast test. The results showed that the three tested catalysts all had different degrees on the growth,quality,mineral element and spad value of lettuce,the best was sheep manure,cattle manure took the second place,and carbamide was the third. The best application rates of sheep manure and cattle manure were both 400 kg/hm2,360kg/hm2 was the best application rates of carbamide. 　　Key wordscatalyst of fermentative production from cornstalks;sunlight greenhouse;lettuce;Jinzhong prefecture 　　 　　山西晋中盆地地处山西中部,年平均气温10～12℃,≥10 ℃的年积温2 500～3 000 ,无霜期170～180 d,年均日照时数2 675.8 h,土壤类型以潮土、河淤土为主,是山西省设施蔬菜三大示范区之一。近年来,在当地日光温室数量不断发展的同时,也出现了一些问题,如冬季地温过低、连作障碍、土壤板结等,秸秆沟埋腐熟技术是解决这些问题的一条有效途径[1-3]。秸秆沟埋腐熟技术满足农作物对CO2的需求;同时可以有效增加土壤有机质和养分,提高地温,抑制病虫害,减少化肥、农药用量[4-5]。秸秆发酵菌曲催化剂是实现秸秆快速腐熟的非常重要的材料,它可以加快秸秆发酵菌的反应过程,改善土壤微生物环境,提高作物产量和品质。为了筛选适宜的菌曲催化剂,选择尿素、羊粪、牛粪3种催化剂,对其各自不同施用量的效果进行对比试验。 　　1材料与方法 　　1.1试验材料 　　种植品种为意大利全年耐抽薹生菜,产地为台湾;供试秸秆发酵