场地自行车论文：江苏省青少年场地自行车运动员训练监控研究.doc

场地自行车论文：江苏省青少年场地自行车运动员训练监控研究 【中文摘要】研究近年来我国场地自行车运动水平发展迅速,女子短距离项目已经达到世界级水平,被认定为我国竞技体育发展的潜优势项目之一。发展潜优势项目必须寻找一批具备巨大发展潜力的、高水平的后备人才队伍,为此对青少年运动员科学选材和科学训练的研究变得尤为重要。目前在青少年训练过程中,由于教练员执教水平、训练经费、科研力度等因素的存在,对于青少年运动员的系统训练监控和精确机能评定的研究并未出现。本文通过对青少年场地自行车运动训练的研究,可以更好了解我国自行车运动人才储备状况、训练状况,为以后青少年自行车运动员训练提供科学依据。研究方法对备战省运会的44名青少年运动员进行22周的跟踪研究,根据其比赛项目分为男女短组和男女中长组,在冬训结束后一周进行运动员机能评定,同时在22周的跟踪研究中,根据训练计划安排,采用生理生化指标对其日常训练、周训练和阶段训练进行监控,并对不同训练负荷后机体的生理生化指标进行比较分析。研究结果1.专项机能评定显示:青少年运动员无氧系统能力、混氧系统能力、有氧系统能力有其年龄学特征; 2.Hb、BUN、CK随着运动负荷量和负荷强度的变化呈现一定的规律性变化:Hb在大负荷后较低,而BUN、CK在强度周和量周后均显著升高;T受到周负荷量和强度的影响较小;3.阶段训练后,运动员有氧能力无氧能力均出现提高:有氧能力上,体重指数0.32的相对最大摄氧量提高显著,女子运动员最大无氧功显著提高;4.在22周训练中,男子运动员体脂含量变化较小,而女子体脂在冬训和赛前均显著下降,BMI和去脂体重变化不明显。研究结论1.在评价青少年自行车运动员不同供能系统上,运动时间要求更短;2.在青少年运动员训练监控中,血乳酸、血色素、肌酸激酶、血尿素可有效反映机体受到的负荷刺激;睾酮值受训练负荷影响较小3.相对最大摄氧量(ml/min/kg 0.32)可以有效评价场地自行车运动员有氧能力和评价阶段训练效果;4.最大无氧功和递减率可以有效评价阶段无氧训练效果。 【英文摘要】Recently, the track cycling competitive level developed rapidly in our country, especially for woman sprint cycling event. That is identified as the potential advantages of the project by many scholars. It is necessary for developing pro-win programmers to draft those who own great potential abilities and talents for the future, so scientific training and talent selection become special important.Currently in the process of amateur training, because the coaching level, training funding, scientific research scope and other factors are existence, there is no study on systematic monitoring of training and special physical fitness. Through the research of monitoring of training to adolescent cyclist, we would be better find out the status of talent reserve, training level and provide scientific principles training of adolescent cyclist for the future.METHODSThe 44 adolescent cyclist preparing for the provincial games were divided into male and female sprint group and endurance group by gender and competition item. Tracing research of their training during 22weeks was practiced. The routine training monitoring, weekly