第六讲莎士比亚.ppt

一、生平 William Shakespeare 1、1564年4月23日生于英国中部瓦维克郡埃文河畔斯特拉特福。其父约翰·莎士比亚是经营羊毛、皮革制造及谷物生意的杂货商，1565年任镇民政官，3年后被选为镇长。 2、幼年在当地文法学校读书， 学习拉丁文和希腊文，迷恋戏剧。 3、13岁时家道中落，辍学经商。18岁结婚。 4、20岁到伦敦，在剧院当马夫、杂役，后入剧团，做演员、导演、编剧，并成为剧院股东。 5、1616年4月23日莎士比亚在庆祝其52岁生日时去世， 4月23日这个日子于1995年被联合国教科文组织定为“世界读书日”。 Good friend, for Jesus′ sake forbeare To digg the dust enclosed here! Blest be ye man that spares thes stones And curst be he that moues my bones.  Translated this reads as: Good friend, for Jesus’ sake, forbear To dig the dust enclosed here; Blest be the man that spares these stonesAnd curst be that moves my bones.  forbear ：cease or refrain (from doing something)  碑文 看在耶稣基督的份上请住手， 勿挖掘这块石碑下的尸骨， 谁在这里动土他将要受诅咒， 谁尊重我的遗体将会受到祝福。 无莎士比亚论 培根 马洛 伊丽莎白女王 培根 Francis Bacon Francis Bacon(1561－1626) was the founder of English materialist philosophy(唯物主义哲学)． He was born into the family of Sir Nicholas Bacon, keeper of the Privy Seal(御玺) to Queen Elizabeth． The boy early won the favor of the Queen． He went to Cambridge at twelve and after graduating at sixteen, took up law． He soon became one of the most successful lawyers of the time．  At twenty-three he became a member of the House of Commons(下议院) and his judgment and eloquence(口才) made him famous． When James I came to England， Bacon obtained one important office after another until he became lord Chancellor(大法官) and was made a peer (nobleman) in 1618． He was an admirable judge, but in the course of rising he had made enemies who charged him with bribery (受贿)． He was convicted (判罪) deprived (免去) of his office, fined and banished (流放) from London in 1621． Five years later, he died in disgrace (耻辱)． Francis Bacon, lawyer, statesman, philosopher and master of English tongue, is famous not only for his philosophical works, but also for his essays．In 1597 he published a collection of ten essays, which were afterwards increased to fifty-eight, including the well-known one “On Reading”, whose title is actually “Of Studies”． These essays cover a wide