精实生产简介.pptVIP

How to calculate Takt Time:如何計算節拍時間： Divide the available time by the customer demand根據客戶需求分割所有可得時間 Takt time（節拍時間） = Your available work time你的可用時間 Customer demand客戶需求 Example範例: 27,000 seconds 455 pieces = 59 seconds秒 Results: The customer is buying this product at a rate of every 59 seconds.顧客購買的產品耗時59秒 Target rate for producing a product and its components.生產一件成品和其物件的目標時間 Step 2: Illustrate the process detailing each operation.第二步：示範流程中細微的操作 機器加工 處理 焊接 組裝 原料 5 天 20,000 A 15,000 B 25,000 A 18,000 B 15,000 A 8,000 B Schedule Focus activities to diminish impact of the major constraint將焦點放在減少「重點限制」的衝擊 While all operations show that they function below the calculated takt time, the biggest impact will be made on the Treatment operation.當所有的操作都根據節拍時間時，最大的衝擊會來自於處理動作。 However, as this is the major process causing delay in production, you may want to test your abilities on a less critical operation.然而，當這成為造成生產延誤的主要流程時，可以在較小的關鍵操作上試試你的能力。 Remember, production pays the bills. Shutting down an operations to improve it may not be the wisest course of action.謹記，生產要花錢。停工改善可不是個最聰明的作法。 Once customer demand is assured:一旦確認了客戶的需求： Begin continuous improvement activities focused on process stability, reducing cost and improving flexibility. 持續改善動作開始後必須著眼於流程穩定、成本降低與增強彈性。 Look for ways to reduce any work-in-process stock. 尋找任何方法減少獻上庫存 Aim to reduce lead times by half. 緊盯減少一半整體操作時間的目標 Many companies utilize the Five Phase Approach諸多公司都使用五階段的途徑 Stability 穩定 Continuous Flow 連續流 Synchronous Production 同步生產 Pull System 後拉式系統 Level production 平準化生產 Bring process variables under control讓流程中的變異受到控制Provide an environment to eliminate waste提供減少浪費的環境Show quick business impact展現快速工作上的衝擊 Reduce Work In Process inventory, time loss and defects減少在製品、時間Increase process flexibility增加流程彈性 Create repeatability between workstations增加工作站間的重複性 Synchronize operations with customer requirements (takt time)與客戶要求同步操作（節拍時間）