浅析农村环境保护问题及改善对策.docx

浅析农村环境保护问题及改善对策 摘要： 我国是一个农业大国，农业的发展状况对国民经济的影响举足轻重，农业是国民经济的基础，农业及农村的可持续发展，是中国可持续发展的根本保证和优先领域，它直接关系到改革开放的成败。我国农村环境污染问题正变得越来越突出,落后的传统农业生产方式和农村生活方式造成对环境的持续的面源污染。城市及其工业的污染源不断向农村地区的转移，则是农村环境质量下降的外部原因，而在环境保护方面的政策差异体现了城乡之间的不公平。本文从农村环境保护法律体系建设、农村环保管理机构设置和国家社会资源配置等方面分析了目前的农村环境保护制度与农村环境现状之间的不适应之处，总结了农村环境问题的制度成因，并进一步提出改进农村环境保护的对策性建议。 关键词：农村环境保护；污染；生态农业；对策 Abstract： China is a large agricultural country, the development of agriculture is an important impact on national economy, agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, sustainable agriculture and rural development is the fundamental guarantee for Chinas sustainable development and priority areas, it is directly related to the reform and opening up success or failure. Chinas rural environmental pollution problems are becoming more and more prominent, behind the traditional agricultural production methods and the rural way of life caused by the continuous point source pollution on the environment. The city and its industrial pollution sources to keep the transfer of rural areas, the external causes of environmental degradation in rural areas, environmental policy reflects the difference between urban and rural areas unfair. Between the rural environmental protection system and the rural state of the environment not suited to the legal system from the rural environmental protection, rural environmental management institutions and national allocation of social resources, summed up the system causes of the environmental problems in rural areas, and put forward recommendations to improve rural environmental protection countermeasures. Keywords：rural environmental protection; pollution; ecological agriculture; countermeasures 一、我国农村环境问题的现状和特点 1.1 农村环境污染日益严重 我国是一个农业大国，农业的发展状况对国民经济的影响举足轻重，农业是国民经济的基础，农业及农村的可持续发展，是中国可持续发展的根本保证和优先领域，它直接关系到改革开放的成败。农村生态环境的保护，不仅直接影响当代人民的生活环境，影响子孙后代的健康，而且影响到我国社会主义经济的可持续发展，甚至关乎到国家的前途和命运。 农村的环境问题主要出现在以下几个方面： (1)农村垃圾亟待管理 农村垃圾包括村民生活所产生的废弃物、建筑工程垃圾、工厂垃圾、道路清扫的垃圾等，所含成份复杂，数量巨大。这些垃圾是农村的主要污染源，破坏了农村的生态环境，威胁着人们