专四语法专项训练 名词从句.docx

一、名词从句的本质：三种句子充当具体成分1、用陈述句作成分（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）时，需要在陈述句首加that来引导。2、用一般疑问句作成分时，需要先将疑问句的倒装语序换成正常语序，然后再句首加上whether或if (if只用在宾语从句中）来引导，以保留原句疑问意义。3、用特殊疑问作成分时，只需要将疑问句的倒装语序换成正常的疑问语序。4、引导名词从句的常用连词：二、常见考点：考点1：主语从句(1) that引导主语从句句型：??? that引导的主语从句直接放在句首的较少，更常见的是用it作形式主语置于句首，而将that引导的主语从句放在句末，因此，下列都是常见的主语从句句型：1) It is +过去分词+ that从句：It is reported that…? It is believed that…? It is generally thought that… It should be noted that…? It has been found that…? It must be pointed out that…同样可用的动词还有: say, expect, know,?estimate, forecast2) It is +形容词+ that从句：It is clear that…? It is likely that…? It is?possible?that…? It is natural that… It is certain that…? It is strange that…? It is fortunate that…? It is necessary that…3) It is +名词短语+ that从句：It is a pity that… It is a fact that… It is good news that…? It is a good thing that…? It is no wonder that…? It is a shame that…? It is an honor that…? It is common knowledge that…? It is my belief that…? It is a miracle that…4) It +不及物动词+that 从句：It seems that…; It follows that…; It happens that…; It turns out that…; It comes about that…5) 其他结构：It dawns upon/ on sb that…; It occurs to sb that…; It makes no difference that…; It doesn’t need to be bothered that…; It is of little consequence that…(2) whether 及连接代词或连接副词引导主语从句一般放在句首。考点2：宾语从句(1) that在宾语从句中省略的问题：一般来讲，that引导宾语从句时，可将that省去。但若是几个宾语从句并列使用，则连词that不可省去。(2) If/whether1）if 一般只用于引导宾语从句，而whether可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词从句。2）if不和or not直接连用，即一般不说if or not。但可以说if…or not。而whether没有此限制。(3) what/whatever/whoever/whomever??? whoever是人称代词的主格形式，一般在句子中作主语；whomever是人称代词的宾格形式，故一般作宾语。这两个词都等于the person that。what/whatever等于the thing(s) that。可以理解为“先行词+that”。1. Whatever_____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to?ask?me to work overtime without pay.2009? A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However2. The?government?has promised to do whatever____ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood stricken area. (2004)? A. however????? B. whichever????? C. whatever???? D. wherever3. She managed to save_what