整顿简答题版本(国外英文资料).doc

整理简答题版本(国外英文资料) The similarities and differences between conventional and hybrid breeding and heterosis? In common: (1) a large collection of germplasm resources, (2) selecting parent, (3) to carry on the sexual hybridization, 4 varieties comparison experiment, 5. Regional test, 6. Production test and application evaluation Difference: In theory, conventional crossbreeding is used mainly by the additive effect and the epistatic effect, which is the part of the plant that can be inherited. The advantages of advantage breeding include both the additive effect and the epistatic effect, including the dominant effect and the overdominant effect, and the non-additive effect of the impregative inheritance. According to the breeding procedure, conventional cross breeding is a hybrid, and the advantage is that the breeding is pure and then mixed. (3) on the seed production, conventional cross-breeding is simpler, every year from production field or seminary plants harvest seeds, can be used for the next year production plant. The hybridized generation of hybrid breeding should not be planted in the production field and must be specially set up for breeding and breeding. This paper introduces the application of single plant selection and hybrid selection method, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the two. Individual choice method: according to the seed selection target, from the original group selected in some superior individual, selfing stallion respectively, elected plant from hybrid seeds, sowing, respectively, each elected plant offspring planting form strain within a community, according to the strain performance, identify the parental genotypes. Advantages: 1, the selection effect is improved by the ability to identify the selected plants according to the performance of the selected plants. There is isolation, strict self-intersection, accelerating the homogeneity of the genetic trait and enhancing the conformity of the group within the selected group. D