名词性从句复习.pptVIP

* 连词 连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。 1）表示转折意思: but , yet , however , 2）表示因果关系: for , so , therefore , hence 3）表示并列关系: and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as 1.并列连词 and 与or 判断改错： (错) They sat down and talk about something. (错) They started to dance and sang. (错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there. 2)　both …and　两者都　She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 3)　not only…but (also), as well asShe plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 注意： not only… but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而倒装。Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. 4)　neithe…nor 意思为:既不……也不……谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。Neither you nor he is to blame. 2. 比较and和or 1) 并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：There is no air or water in the moon.There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and. ---I dont like chicken ___ fish.　---I dont like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.　A. and； and　 B. and； but　C. or； but　D. or；and　答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。 (错) We will die without air and water.(错) We cant live without air or water.(对) We will die without air or water.(对) We cant live without air and water. 3. 表示选择的并列结构 1) or　意思为否则。　I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam. 2) either…or　意思为或者……或者……。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。Either you or I am right. 4. 表示转折或对比 1) but表示转折，while表示对比。Some people love cats, while others hate them. 典型例题　--- Would you like to come to dinner tonight? --- Id like to, ___ Im too busy.　A. and　 B. so　 C. as　 D. but　　答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and， 结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。 5. not…but… 意思为不是……而是……　not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 从属连词 从属连词是用来引导从句的，它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说，从属连词主要引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）和状语从句，不能引导定语从句引起名词性从句的连词： that , whether , if .引起状语从句的连词： 时间状语从句： when , whenever , as , while, before , after, until, ti