2017年高考英语一轮复习 学通语法（增分语法填空和短文改错）北师大版.doc

学通语法（增分语法填空和短文改错） 集释(一) “语境考查类”语法项目 第一讲冠__词 单句语法填空 1．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. 2．(2015·广东高考语法填空)Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned. 3．(2015·浙江高考改编)Janes grandmother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in the way. 4．(2015·陕西高考改编)The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes. 5．(2015·重庆高考改编)I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask. 一、不定冠词 (一)不定冠词的基本用法 1．表示泛指某个人或事物。 I met a friend of yours today as I hurried off to work. 今天我在赶着去上班的路上遇到了你的一位朋友。 2．用在第一次提到的单数可数名词前，表示泛指。 My friend John is a handsome young man, a young man everyone likes to work with. 我的朋友约翰是一个英俊的年轻人，一个人人都喜欢与他共事的年轻人。 3．表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。 I remember he came here on a Sunday and left soon. 我记得他在某个星期天来过，并且很快就离开了。 4．用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。 He missed the gold medal in the high jump, but he will get a second chance in the long jump. 他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。 5．用在形容词的比较等级前，表示“一个更……的”。 If we sit near the front of the bus, well have a better view. 如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部，视野就会更好些。 6．用于物质名词或抽象名词具体化时。 物质名词或抽象名词仅表示概念时，是不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词。但如果表示具体的人或事，特别是前面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面可加不定冠词。 Tony is a famous pianist. Im absolutely certain that his concert this Sunday will be a success. 托尼是一位著名的钢琴家，我十分确信这个星期天他的音乐会一定成功。 (二)固定搭配中的不定冠词 不定冠词常用于某些固定搭配中，常见的有： have a gift for有……的天赋　have a holiday度假 get a lift/ride搭便车 pay a visit to参观 lend sb. a hand帮助某人 as a result因此 as a rule通常，照例 in a hurry匆忙地 at a distance离一段距离 a waste of……的浪费 What a pity！真遗憾！ be/go on a diet节食 a collection of一批…… a knowledge of知道 have a good time玩得高兴 make a living谋生 as a matter of fact事实上 have a history of有……历史 in a sense/way在某种意义上 for a while暂时，一时 all of a sudden突然 a matter of……的问题 have a population of有……人口 cover an area of占……的面积 You can ask anyone for help. Everyone