第11章 麻醉监测.pptVIP

Monitoring During Anaesthesia Tang Yanfeng Vocabulary Arterial oxygen saturation：动脉氧饱和度 Arrhythmia：心律失常 Radial：桡骨 Thrombophlebitis：血栓静脉炎 Sepsis：脓毒血症 Vocabulary Internal jugular vein：颈内静脉 Subclavian vein：锁骨下静脉 Pneumothorax：气胸 Bronchospasm：支气管痉挛 End-tidal carbon dioxide tension(Peco2)：呼末二氧化碳压力(Etco2) Vocabulary Metabolism：新陈代谢 Homeostasis：内稳态 Thermoregulatory：温度调节 Hormonal：激素 Catecholamine：儿茶酚胺 11.1 The Cardiovascular System Monitoring Content 11.1.1Elctrocardiography Valuable information concerning cardiac rhythm(心律) may be obtained by monitoring the electrocardiogram(ECG). Standard lead II monitoring is used widely. Content 11.1.2 Monitoring the Circulation Maintenance of perfusion of vital organs is one of the principal tasks of the anaesthetist during surgery. Adequate perfusion is dependent on adequate venous return to the heart, cardiac performance(性能) and arterial pressure. Content-- Monitoring the Circulation Adequacy of cardiac output and circulating blood volume may be inferred indirectly from observation of the variable(参数): peripheral pulse, arterial oxygen saturation, peripheral perfusion, urine production, arterial pressure. Content-- Monitoring the Circulation Regular palpation(触诊) of the peripheral pulse is one of the simplest and most useful methods of monitoring during anaesthesia. Content-- Pulse Oximetry(脉搏氧) Advantages: Pulse oximeters are simple to use, non-invasive and require no warm-up（预热） time. They provide an overall assessment of the integrity of all the systems involved in delivering oxygen to the tissues: oxygen supply to the patient; oxygen uptake by the lungs; oxygen delivery to the tissues via the circulatory system. 通过监测氧饱和度可以得出对供氧系统的整体评价，如对病人的供氧、肺内氧的摄取、通过循环系统对组织的供氧情况。 Content-- Pulse Oximetry Using in the following circumstances: (1)anaesthesia in infants and children. (2)situation in which rapid fluctuations in oxygen saturation may occur ,e.g. during recovery