（全国通用版）2016版高一英语 专题01 被动语态暑假作业（含解析）.docVIP

专题01被动语态 【理论回顾】 一、主动语态和被动语态 1. 英语共有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。二者都是用来说明 与之间的逻辑关系。 2. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态说明主语是动作的。 二、被动语态形式 时态 主动语态结构 被动语态结构 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+ done 一般过去时 did was/were+done 现在进行时 am/is/are+doing am/is/are+ 过去进行时 was/were+doing was/were+ 一般将来时 shall/will+be/do shall/will++done 过去将来时 would+be/do would+ +done 现在完成时 have/has+done have/has++done 过去完成时 had+done had++done 三、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 Wevisitedthat factorylast summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factorywas visitedby uslast summer. 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 四、被动语态条件 1. 语义的需要：当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态。如： The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. (不知谁打破的) They have been poorly paid.他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的) 2. 强调的需要：突出或强调动作的承受者。如： These books are written especially for children. (强调的是“这些书”) 3. 交际的需要：为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。如： You are requested to make a speech at next meeting.请您在下次会议上作个发言。 It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。 五、主动语态变被动语态的注意事项 主动句中的主语为people,we，you,they等含糊表示“人们”、“大家”的单词，变主动句时，通常删除by，但原主语被强调者除外。 含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语。但多以间接宾语作主语。 【想一想】 英语中在哪些情况下会用主动形式表被动含义？ 【练一练】 判断主动句与被动句 1. He has finished the work .2. Many English words have been learned by her . 3. He often tells us interesting stories .? 4.?She is often heard to sing this popular song . 将以下主动句变为被动句 People speak English in many countries.2. We built this bridge last year.3. Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.4. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.5. They gave him a medal for his wonderful work. 选择题 ( ??)1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built ?????????B. Was; built ????C. Does; build ???D. Did ; build ( ??)2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened ?B. was happened ?C. is happened ???D. happened ( ??)3.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown ?????????B. are grown ?????C. grows ????????D. grow ( ??)4.So far, the moon ____ by man already. i