影响锚杆在沙区通过模型对隧道的稳定性试验和分析.pdfVIP

Effect of rock bolts on tunnel stability in sandy ground through model tests and analyses H. Mashimo S.Morimoto Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan ABSTRACT: In order to clarify the effect of rock bolts and the influence of the timing of installing rock bolts in sandy ground, a series of tunneling model tests, simulated by a trapdoor apparatus, are carried out. The re- sults show that rock bolts with a certain level of length have the effect of reducing the load on the trapdoor and rock bolts installed after the occurrence of the loosened area have the similar effect as the rock bolts in- stalled before the occurrence of the loosened area when the overburden is large. In order to verify the experi- mental results, a numerical simulation by the FDM analysis is conducted using the cable elements. By calcu- lating the settlement of the ground and load on the trapdoor, it is confirmed that the analytical results reasonably explain the experimental ones. 1 INTRODUCTION model results. In NATM, rock bolts play an important role to keep the ground stability around a tunnel when the tunnel 2 TUNNELLING MODEL TESTS is excavated in rock ground. But in case of a tunnel 2.1 Apparatus excavated in sandy ground with shallow overburden, rock bolts at the tunnel crown are sometimes omitted Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the apparatus because the measured stress occurring in the rock used in this study. Trapdoor apparatus is used to bolts installed at tunnel crown show compression measure the load acting on the trapdoor at the bot- stress. In addition, sometimes rock bolts are installed tom of model ground with the trapdoor displace- far apart from the tunnel face due to the difficult