电力专业英语第十讲.pptx

电力系统专业英语;词汇;课文内容;;The windings of the electromagnets of a motor, called “field coils” may be connected either in parallel with the armature, when the motor is said to be “shunt-wound”, or then may be connected in series with the armature, when the motor is called “series-wound”. The windings of the electromagnets of a motor电动机中电磁铁线圈 field coils励磁线圈; 场线圈; shunt-wound并联的并励 series-wound串联的串励 ;;They can not be started safely with a load connected, and are most suitable for driving light machine tools or domestic appliances, such as electric drills, fans, and vacuum cleaners. ;Series-wound motors exert a very strong starting force, but they slow down more than shunt-wound motors when they are loaded. They are used when heavy loads have to be started quickly, as in electric trains, lifts, and cranes. ;An electric motor can be reversed by reversing the direction of the current in either its armature or in its field coils. If both currents are reversed the motor continues to turn in the same direction, and it follows that the commutator motors described above will work from an AC supply. ;There are, however, two special kinds of motor that can be used with AC only. The first of these is called a synchronous motor because it synchronizes itself, that is, it keeps in step, with the AC supply. The moving part, called the rotor, is a straight bar magnet mounted on a spindle through its center between the poles of an electromagnet. ; When the electromagnet is joined to an AC supply its magnetism reverses regularly each time the current changes direction, and its poles become alternately N and S. The synchronous motor is not self-starting, but if the rotor is spun round by hand at the correct speed, its S pole is always approaching the upper pole of the electromagnet when this is a N pole. ;;The correct, synchronous, speed is when the rotor revolves once for each complete cycle of the AC supply, with a 50 cycle AC supply the synchronous motor’s speed is 50 revolutions per sec