2017考研备考英语阅读题源经济学人文章：世界经济.docVIP

2017考研备考英语阅读题源经济学人文章：世界经济 　World economy 　　世界经济 　　Past and future tense 　　过去和未来时 　　The world economy in 2017 will carry troublingechoes of the late 1990s 　　世界经济在2017年将出现20世纪90年代晚期令人烦恼的相似困境 　　A FINANCIAL crash in Russia; falling oil prices and a strong dollar; a new gold rush in SiliconValley and a resurgent American economy; weakness in Germany and Japan; tumblingcurrencies in emerging markets from Brazil to Indonesia; an embattled Democrat in the WhiteHouse. Is that a forecast of the world in 2017 or a portrait of the late 1990s? 　　俄罗斯发生了金融危机;油价和强势美元下跌;硅谷出现了新的淘金热，并且美国实现经济复苏;德国和日本则经济疲软;从巴西到印度尼西亚的新兴市场货币呈动荡;民主党在白宫四面楚歌。那是对2017年世界的预测或上世纪90年代末的景象描绘? 　　Recent economic history has been so dominated by the credit crunch of 2008-09 that it is easyto forget what happened in the decades before. But looking back 15 years or so is instructive—in terms of both what to do and what to avoid. 　　近期的经济已经由2008-09年的信贷紧缩所主导，很容易忘记在十年前所发生的事情。但回过头来看15年前的经济会发现有所启发—反观两者可以知道该做之事以及应避免什么问题。 　　Then, as now, the United States was in the vanguard of a disruptive digital revolution. Theadvent of the internet spawned a burst of innovation and euphoria about Americasprospects. By 1999 GDP was rising by more than 4% a year, almost twice the rich-countryaverage. Unemployment fell to 4%, a 30-year low. Foreign investors piled in, boosting both thedollar and share prices. The SP 500 index rose to almost 30 times earnings; tech stockswent wild. 　　当时和现在一样，美国当年是颠覆性的数字革命的先锋。互联网的出现催生了一阵对美国的前景创新和兴高采烈的乐观情绪。到1999年为止，美国国内生产总值每年增长率超过4%，几乎两倍于富裕国家的平均水平。美国失业率下降至4%，为30年最低点。外国投资者主要集中于提升美元和股票价格。标准普尔500指数升至市盈率的近30倍;科技股疯狂飙升。 　　The optimism in America stood in stark contrast to gloom elsewhere, as it does today.Japans economy had slipped into deflation in 1997. Germany was “the sick man of Europe”, itsfirms held back by rigid labour markets and other high costs. Emerging markets, having soaredahead, were in crisis: between 1997 and 1999 countries from Thailand to Brazil saw theircurrencies crash as foreign capital fled and