英汉汉英口笔译常识(句法对比).pptVIP

上海财经大学－商务英语课程 英汉句法的对比 形合和意合 ( Hypotactic vs. Paratactic ) If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天到了，春天还会远吗？ If I had known it would come to this, I would have acted differently. 早知今日, 何必当初。 再来看几个汉译英的例子： 墙倒众人推。 When a man is going down-hill, everyone will give him a push. 物莫如新，友莫如故。 Everything is good when new, but friends when old. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 While the prospects are bright, the road ahead has twists and turns. 他不老实, 我不能信任他。 Because he is not honest, I cant trust him. 人不犯我，我不犯人。 We will not attack unless we are attacked. 说是说了，没有结果。 I’ve made proposals, but they proved futile. 静态与动态 ( Static vs. Dynamic ) I am afraid of your misunderstanding me. 我担心你会误解我。 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。 I used to be a bit of a fancier myself. 过去我也常常有点胡思乱想。 再来看一个汉译英的例子： 他能吃能睡。 He is a good eater and a good sleeper. 物称与人称 ( Impersonal vs. Personal ) What has happened to you? 你出了什么事啦？ An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到了一个主意。 Not a sound reached our ears. 我们没有听到任何声音。 The thick carpet killed the sound of my heavy footsteps. 我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点声音也没有。 The big tree reminds me of my childhood. 每当我看见这棵大树，便会想起童年生活。 Business brought me to town yesterday. 昨天我因事去了市里。（转译作汉语状语） The secret of air travel has escaped the genius of the worlds greatest scholars for 百thousands of years. 数千年来，世界上最伟大的天才学者也未能发现空中飞行的奥秘。（转译作汉语宾语） 被动与主动 ( Passive vs. Active ) 1.英语被动句译为汉语被动句。 英语中大量使用被动语态，翻译成汉语时，原被动句中的谓语动词可根据需要转换成汉语的名词，与“受到”、“遭到”等受动词连用。 1）In the Old World, people are taught to hide their ambitions. 在旧大陆，人们受的教育是要掩饰雄心。 2）He began to be moved by some spirit or other, probably that of curiosity. 他受到某种精神，大概是好奇心的感召。 3）Several buildings around the square were smashed or damaged. 广场附近的几幢建筑物都炸成了瓦砾，或是遭到了毁坏。 4）Two super go players from Japan were defeated one after another. 两位日本围棋高手接连受挫。 5） Because of its cost it is limited in practical use. 由于成本问题，它的实际使用受到限制。 6）Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by man. 地球上早期的火肯