初中英语法—一般过去时详解和习题.docVIP

一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下几个方面来理解：1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。e.g. What did you say? 　　 另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。e.g. Could you lend me your pen? 　　 其结构是主语+动词的过去式。be动词的过去式为was, were；行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked; 2）以e结尾的动词只加-d. e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped; 4)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住. 　　 其句式变化分为两种情况1)含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2)含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词didnt.,同时把动词变成原形; 变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词did,同时把动词变成原形. e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday. I didnt buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday? 　　其时间状语为yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning; 由last+时间构成的短语, e.g. last year; 由时间段+ago构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外,还有on the morning of Monday, just now等,以及一些表示过去时态的从句.注意,在宾语从句中主句为过去,一般从句也为过去. 　　 常见错误如下: 　　 一　把动词变成过去式易出错 　　 例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now. 　　 2 They plaied (play) football yesterday. 　　 答案: 1 stopped 2 played 　　 解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:动词变成过去式,双写规律要牢记;y前若是辅音字,y变i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只须直接加-ed. 　　 二忘记把动词变成过去式 　　 例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday. 　　 答案: flew 　　 解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:一般过去时态里,过去形式莫忘记. 　　自主检测: 　　（一 ）选择 　　1 She lived there before he____to China. 　　 A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 　　2 I _____but_____nothing. 　　 A . was listened;was hearing B. listened;heard 　　 C . have listened; heard D. listened; heard of 　　3 When did you ____here? 　　 A. got to B. reached C. arrive in D. reach 　　4 I____my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. 　　 A. finished B. would finish C. was fi