unit3-Thinkingforyourself剖析.pptVIP

Difficult sentence 2 We may have learned to revere thinkers like Socrates, but we also learned that the state poisoned him for thinking for himself: not unmitigated encouragement. (Para5) revere: to have a lot of respect and admiration for sb. or sth. 尊敬，崇敬 e.g. an ideology he once ~d but ultimately rejected 他一度崇敬但最终抛弃的思想 unmitigated: adj. used for emphasizing how bad or unpleasant sth. is 全然的，十足的 e.g. Last night’s performance was an unmitigated disaster. 昨晚的演出真是糟糕透了。 我们可能早就知道应该尊敬像苏格拉底那样的思想家，可是我们也知道，因为独立思考，他所在的城市毒死了他。这可绝不是给予他的毫无保留的支持与鼓励。 Socrates a great Greek philosopher; one of the founders of Western Philosophy; condemned to death for ‘corruption of the young’ and ‘neglect of the gods’. ideas recorded in The Dialogues of Plato 苏格拉底 (469BC-399BC) More Socrates Appreciation By all means, marry. If you get a good?wife, you’ll become happy; if you get a bad one, you’ll become a philosopher. —Socrates Contentment is natural wealth, luxury is artificial poverty.  —Socrates Difficult sentence 3 Had she affirmed our intelligence first and spoken about the joy of thinking for ourselves, had she not fanned our fear of her, we would all have learned even more powerfully what it meant to do our own thinking. (Para19) 此句为典型的虚拟语气，包含以had +主语+动词完成时态+其它 为条件句的两个并置结构。 affirm: v. to state sth. is true or you agree with, esp. publicly (尤指公开地)断言，肯定 e.g. The school ~ed its commitment to its students.  学校公开声明了对学生的承诺。 fan: v. make a feeling or belief stronger 煽动，激发 e.g. A speech which ~ed the flames of hatred  激起仇恨火焰的愤怒 要是她一开始就肯定我们的聪明才智，给我们将独立思考的乐趣，要是她没有激起我们对她的畏惧，我们大家就能更深切地体会到独立思考的意义。 Language Points 1. radical 2. suspicion 3. glimpse 4. lean 5. prevalent 1. on purose 2. for that matter 3. at length radical (Para. 1) far beyond the norm; markedly new or introducing radical change. 1. 激进的，极端的；2. 彻底的, 完