什么是振动？线性和非线性系统.pdfVIP

  什么是振动？线性和非线性系统 Linear and Non-Linear Systems 线性和非线性系统 To assist in understanding the transmission of vibration through 为了帮助理解机器的振动时怎样 a machine, it is instructive to 传输的，有必要探讨线性的概念，线 investigate the concept of linearity and what is meant by 性系统和非线性系统是什么，理解这 linear and non-linear systems. 些概念对于振动的理解具有指导意 Thus far, we have discussed linear and logarithmic amplitude and 义。迄今，我们已经讨论了线性和对 frequency scales, but the term “linear” also refers to the 数振幅以及频域，但是，术语“线性” characteristics of a system which 是指一种系统，该系统具有输入和输 can have input and output signals. 出信号的特性。“系统”是任何设备或结 A “system” is any device or structure that can accept an input 构，可以接受任何形式的输入或激励， or stimulus in some form and 并产生相应的输出或响应。系统，譬 produce a corresponding output or response. Examples of systems are 如磁带记录仪和放大器，操作对象是 tape recorders and amplifiers, 电信号；机械结构，其输入是振动力， which operate on electrical signals, and mechanical structures, 输出是振动位移，速度或加速度。 whose inputs are vibration forces, and whose outputs are vibration displacements, velocities, or accelerations. Definition of Linearity 线性系统的定义 A system is said to be linear 线性系统必须满足两个关键条 if it meets the following two criteria: 件： 1. If input x to the system 1 ，如果输入x ，系统输出X ，输 results in output X, then an input of 2x will produce output of 2X. In 入 2x，系统输出 2X 。换句话说，该系 other w