从句的译法.docVIP

名词从句的译法 英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。翻译这类从句时，大多数可按原文的句序译成对应的汉语，但也还有一些其他处理方法。 主语从句 以what、 whatever、 whoever 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。 1）What he told me was only half-truth. 他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。 2）Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave a very deep impression. 他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。 宾语从句 （一）用that, what, how 等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。 1）I also told him how appealing I found the offer. 我也告诉他，这提供的机会对我有多么大的吸引力。 有时可加“说”字，再接下去译原文宾语从句的内容。 He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others. 他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。 表语从句 英语表语从句和宾语从句一样，一般可按原文顺序翻译。 What he emphasized over and over again was that no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even for an inch. 他所再三强调的是，不管多么困难，他们决不应该后退寸步。 2) That was how a small nation won the victory over a big power. 就这样，小国战胜了大国。 同位语从句 同位语从句汉译时不提前 As an obedient son, I had accepted my father′s decision that I was to be a doctor , though the prospect interested me not at all. 作为一名孝顺儿子，我接受了父亲的决定，要当医生，虽然我对这种前途毫无兴趣。 同位语从句提前 1）They were very suspicious of the assumption that he would rather kill himself than surrender. 对于他宁愿自杀也不投降这个假设，他们是很怀疑的。 增加“即”（或“以为”）或用冒号、破折号分开 1）But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good . 但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样的事实：我们的前景并不妙。 这里我们顺便讲讲用单词、短语作同位语的译法。 （一））说明身份、称号的英语同位语往往放在专有名词后面，汉译时一般放在前面。 1）According to Snyder, my cousin, Oswald mentioned this matter. 根据我表兄斯奈达的叙述，奥斯瓦德提到过这件事。 限定性同位语以及用形容词、数词等作进一步说明的同位语在英语中往往放在本位语后面，汉译时一般无需改变位置。 1）I have been to all the cinemas in this city, big or small. 这个城市的电影院我都到过，大的也罢，小的也罢。 定语从句的译法 英语定语从句的译法主要涉及到限定性定语从句的译法和非限定性定语从句的译法。 限定性定语从句 前置法 把定语从句译成带“的”的定语词组，放在被修饰词之前，将复合句译成汉语单句。 It is a consolation to know that they will surely carry on the cause for which Edgar snow strove so faithfully all his life. 了解到他们一定会把斯诺终身为之奋斗不渝的事业继承下来，这是一件令人快慰的事情。 The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。 后置法 如果从句结构复杂，译成汉语前置定语显得太长而不符合汉语表达习惯时，往往可以译成后置的并列分句。 They are striving for