现基于摄像头的线跟踪机器人的设计硬件部分.docVIP

基于摄像头的线跟踪机器人的设计（硬件部分） 摘 要 工业机器人由操作机（机械本体）、控制器、伺服驱动系统和检测传感装置构成，是一种仿人操作、自动控制、可重复编程、能在三维空间完成各种作业的机电一体化自动化生产设备。特别适合于多品种、变批量的柔性生产。它对稳定、提高产品质量，提高生产效率，改善劳动条件和产品的快速更新换代起着十分重要的作用。 ???? 机器人技术是综合了计算机、控制论、机构学、信息和传感技术、人工智能、仿生学等多学科而形成的高新技术，是当代研究十分活跃，应用日益广泛的领域。机器人应用情况，是一个国家工业自动化水平的重要标志。??? 机器人并不是在简单意义上代替人工的劳动，而是综合了人的特长和机器特长的一种拟人的电子机械装置，既有人对环境状态的快速反应和分析判断能力，又有机器可长时间持续工作、精确度高、抗恶劣环境的能力，从某种意义上说它也是机器的进化过程产物，它是工业以及非产业界的重要生产和服务性设备，也是先进制造技术领域不可缺少的自动化设备 循线机器人由传感器、控制器和驱动器等模块组成.采用反射式红外传感器来辨别路线.传感器模块包括了消除干扰信号的电路.对反射光强进行测量,以此为依据设置阈值电压以保证系统的可靠性和准确性.控制模块预置了导航地图并实现访问景点的PID控制算法.驱动模块的电机速度采用PWM方式进行控制PWM Abstract Industrial robot from operation machine(machine essence), controller, servo drive system and examination to spread feeling device composing, is a kind of apery operation, automatic control, re-usable plait distance, can complete various homework in the 3D space of machine electricity the integral whole turn automation production an equipments.Specially suited for many specieses and change the gentle production of batch quantity.It is to the stability, raise product quality, exaltation produce efficiency, the fast renewal of condition and product of the improvement labor changes generation to contain very important function. The robot technique is to synthesize a calculator, control a theory, the organization learn, information and spread feeling technique, artificial intelligence, bionics...etc. many academicses but become of the high and new technique be a contemporary research very active, application day by day extensive of realm.The robot applies a circumstance, is a national industry automation level of important marking. Robot is not at simple the meaning ancestors substitute an artificial labor, but a kind of electronics machinery of personification of special features and machine special features which synthesizes a person, the fast reaction of the current person to the environment appearance and analysis judge ability, again the organic machine can keep on a work, accuracy