母体麻醉对胎儿神经发育影响.pdf

母体麻醉对胎儿神经发育的影响 1 2 2※ 邓少洁 (综述)，赵天云 ，李元涛 （审校） 1 2 （南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院 药剂科， 麻醉科，广东 深圳 518028） 中图分类号：R984 文献标识码：A 摘要：随着腔镜外科和胎儿手术的发展，妊娠期间可行外科手术 治疗的病例越来越多。为这类患者实施麻醉时，必须确保母体和胎儿 的安全，尤其要注意全麻药可透过胎盘对胎儿的神经发育造成损害。 不同孕期，胎儿神经发育的特点不同，造成的损害也不同。目前全麻 药的神经毒性机制仍需进一步的研究，以寻求防治方案。 关键词：母体麻醉；全麻药；胎儿；神经发育；神经损伤 Effects of Maternal Anesthesia on the Fetal＇s Neurodevelopment 1 2 2 DENG Shao-jie , ZHAO Tian-yun ,LI Yuan-tao .(1.Department of Pharmacy,2.Department of Anesthesiology,Shenzhen Maternity and Child healthcare Hospital,Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518028,China) Abstract:The number of pregnant women needed surgical procedures appears to be increasing in recent years partly because of the fact that laparoscopic procedures and fetal surgery are more widely performed worldwide,and all general anaesthetic drugs can cross the placenta.Accordingly,much attention has been given to the issue concerning neurotoxic effects of the commonly used anesthetics on the fetal brain.Therefore,it is important for anesthesiologists to have a thorough understanding of maternal and fetal physiology and the fetal brain development at different phase of gestation,so as to provide safety for both the mother and fetus when providing anesthesia for pregnant women.However,the underlying mechanism of the neurotoxicity are unclear at present,and we still needs further study and look for preventive measures in this field. Key words:Maternal anesthesia; Anaesthetic drugs; Fetus; Neurodevelopment; Neurotoxicity 麻醉是施行手术或进行诊断性检查操作时为消除疼痛、保障患者 安全、创造良好的手术条件而采取的各种方法。目前，每年约 0.75%～ [1