扁穗牛鞭草种质遗传多样性ISSR分析.doc

扁穗牛鞭草种质遗传多样性的ISSR分析 范彦1,2，李芳1，张新全1* ，马啸1 （1. 重庆市畜牧科学研究院 重庆 400039；2 四川农业大学草业科学系，四川 雅安 625014.） 摘要：用ISSR标记对来自中国西南地区(四川、重庆、贵州)的28份扁穗牛鞭草材料的遗传多样性进行了检测。从96个ISSR引物中共筛选出13个多态性明显、反应稳定的引物，对28份材料DNA共扩增出129条谱带，平均每个引物扩增出9.9条带，多态性条带比率达84.2%。材料间遗传相似系数在0.466~0.98之间，表现出丰富的遗传多样性。通过聚类分析和主成分分析，将28份扁穗牛鞭草分为两大类，同一地区的扁穗牛鞭草品种(系)基本聚在同一类，呈现出一定的地域性分布规律。 关键词：扁穗牛鞭草；种质；ISSR；遗传多样性分析 Genetic Diversity of Hemarthria compressa Germplasm Detected by Inter-simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) FAN Yan1,2, LI Fang1，ZHANG Xin-Quan1*, MA Xiao1 （1. Department of Grassland Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Ya’an 625014，China）（2. Chongqing Municipal Institute of Animal Husbandry Chongqing 400039, China） Abstract: Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) method was applied to detect genetic variation of 28 Hemarthria compressa accessions from Southwest China (Sichuan Province, Chongqing City and Guizhou Province). Thirteen primers were selected from 96 ISSR primers, and 129 DNA fragments were amplified from 28 samples. Of which, 110 fragments were polymorphic (percentage of polymorphic bands was 84.2%), and the average number of DNA bands was 9.9 per primer. The genetic similarity among all accessions ranged from 0.466 to 0.98, which indicated that the genetic diversity was comparatively rich among the tested accessions. UPGMA cluster based on genetic similarity and principle component analyses (PCoA) based on band patterns divided the accessions into two groups corresponding to their geographical sources. Key words: Hemarthria compressa; Germplasm；ISSR; Genetic diversity analysis 牛鞭草属(Hemarthria R.Br.)植物主要分布在热带、亚热带及北半球的温带湿润地区，4个种和1个变种，:扁穗牛鞭草[H.compressa(L.F.)R.Br.]、牛鞭草[H. Altissima (Poir) Stapfet C. E. Hubb.]、长花牛鞭草[H. Longiflora (Hook.f.) A.Canus]、小牛鞭草(H.protensa Steud.)及[H.compress var.fasciculate(Lam.)Keng]，[1]。扁穗牛鞭草为多年生匍匐性禾草，主要靠地上茎繁殖，是一种生长期长、生长速度快、再生力强和产量高的常年青绿优良饲草[2]。在长江流域，野生扁穗牛鞭草分布相当广泛，且存在多种生态类型。因其绿期长、固土力强且耐粗放管理，具有较强的适应性和抗逆性，也可作为水土保持植物和草坪草开发利用，对长江流域退耕还草、种草养畜、水土保持及环境绿化等均具有重要意义，是热带、亚热带建植人工草地、南方草山草坡改良