副词与副词词组.ppt

副词和副词词组 副词和形容词一样，也是在句中主要作修饰成分，所不同的是，副词（词组）可以修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词等；副词词组主要在句中作状语(Adverbial)，表示时间、地点、方式等意义。 按词的构成，副词可以分为简单副词（Simple Adverb)和派生副词(Derivative Adverb)。绝大部分副词都是派生副词，由形容词加后缀-ly构成，如：careful/carefully, angry/angrily等。当然也有少数副词由单词素构成，这些副词与形容词同形，如：early, late, fast, hard等。 按词汇意义，副词可以分为： 方式副词(Adverb of Manner)，如：angrily, happily, rudely, politely, quickly等。 程度副词(Adverb of Degree)，如：almost, greatly, nearly, completely等。 时间副词(Adverb of Time)，如：already, before, early, late, finally, now, recently, tomorrow, soon等。 频度副词(Adverb of Frequency)，如：always, constantly, frequently, hardly ever, never等。 地点副词(Adverb of Place)，如：above, below, up, down, here, there, anywhere, everywhere等。 连接副词(Conjunctive Adverb)，如：therefore, however, moreover, thus等。 解说副词(Explanatory Adverb)，如：as, namely等。 1. 副词和副词词组的主要用法 副词（词组）的主要句法功能是在词组中和句中作修饰成分。 1）副词在词组中作修饰语 副词能在动词词组、形容词词组、副词词组、介词词组等词组中修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词、限定词，以及修饰整个名词词组。 a)修饰动词 They completely ignored my views. I entirely agree with her. I rather like him. They can hardly ignore our views. She kind of (有点) hoped to be invited. I sort of (有点) thought you might say that. b)修饰形容词 That was a very funny film. He had an unusually deep voice (深沉有力的嗓音). Two men were in the street, one of whom seemed slightly familiar. I was that hungry I could have eaten a horse. I’m feeling kind of tired. c)修饰副词 She’s a clever girl, and has learnt the new work very quickly. He drives extremely carefully. Do it right now. He spoke sort of proudly. 副词的上述用法都是前置修饰语，只有enough例外，作后置修饰语： She cooks well enough. He didn’t run fast enough. 修饰介词和连词 少数几个副词(如well, right, just, soon等)也可用于修饰介词： I can’t reach it; it’s well (远远地) over my head. There is the house, right in front of you. His parents are dead (完全地) against the trip. 也可修饰连词： Just when/ Soon after we left the house, it started to rain. 修饰限定词 某些程度副词可以作前置修饰语修饰限定词。 We walked about 5 miles. There were quite a lot of people at Louis’s party.