英语阅读理解能力的养成.ppt

② 只用于前照应： that, (the) above, the foregoing Many years ago their wives quarreled over some trivial matter, now long forgot- ton. But one word led to another and the permanent rupture between them. That’s why the two men never visit each other’s house. ③ 只用于后照应： as follows, the following, below, thus Below is an example of an informal letter: Dear Frank, … All the best, Jim 4、替代 替代是指用替代形式来代替上下文中 出现的词句： ①避免重复；②连接上下文。 Have you got any knives? I need a sharp one. A: Does Mary dance? B: No, but Jane does. 替代的分类： ①名词性替代； ②动词性替代； ③分句性替代 ①名词性替代：one, ones, the same Mr. Cook was an excellent captain, one who took good care of his sailors. He goes about interviewing retired sailors who served in the pre-1914 navy. The one that he met in Devon last week was a fascinating storyteller. I wish I’d bought a few jars of honey. Did you notice the ones they were selling by the roadside? A: I’ll have a cup of black coffee with sugar, please. B: Give me the same, please. 名词的可数与不可数： 替代的分类： Jane needs a new bike. She’s decided to buy one. Here is the fruit. Would you like some? ①动词性替代：do, do so A: Will you be attending the meeting this evening? B: I may do. A: Does granny take care of you every day? B: She can’t do at weekends. Because she has to do her own house. John smokes a lot. Does his father do so? ①分句性替代：so, not John hasn’t found a job yet. He told me so. A: Can you come back next week? B: I’m afraid not. A: Do you think John will win the match? B: Yes, I think so. A: The bridge has not been completed yet. B: No, they say not. 1) 词汇衔接与逻辑关系语 （1）词汇衔接是为了使语篇语义连贯： 复现关系和同现关系。 复现关系：原词、同义词、近义词、 上义词、下义词、概括词等等。 ① 原词复现： The history of plastics is longer than you might think. In fact that the first man- made plastics ever to appear on the market was made 300 years ago. ② 同义词、近义词复现： He got a lot of presents from his friends and family. All of the gifts were wrapped in colored paper. Grades are the first concern of most